CVE-2025-57324 is a Prototype Pollution vulnerability identified in the parse JavaScript SDK, specifically within the SingleInstanceStateController.initializeState function in versions 5.3.0 and earlier. Prototype Pollution vulnerabilities occur when an attacker is able to inject or modify properties on JavaScript's Object.prototype, which is the base object from which all other objects inherit properties. By manipulating this prototype, an attacker can influence the behavior of all objects in the environment, potentially leading to unexpected application behavior or security issues. In this case, the vulnerability allows an attacker to supply a crafted payload that injects properties into Object.prototype. The primary consequence of this vulnerability is a denial of service (DoS) condition, where the application or service using the parse SDK may crash or become unresponsive due to corrupted state or unexpected behavior triggered by the polluted prototype. The vulnerability requires network access (AV:N), low attack complexity (AC:L), and privileges (PR:L) but no user interaction (UI:N). The scope remains unchanged (S:U), and the impact affects availability only (A:H), with no confidentiality or integrity impact. The CVSS score is 6.5, indicating a medium severity level. There are no known exploits in the wild at the time of publication, and no patches have been linked yet. The vulnerability is categorized under CWE-1321, which relates to improper handling of prototype pollution in JavaScript environments. This vulnerability is significant because parse SDK is used in JavaScript applications to parse and manage SDK states, and exploitation could disrupt service availability.

For European organizations, the impact of this vulnerability primarily revolves around service availability disruptions. Organizations relying on the parse JavaScript SDK in their web applications or backend services may experience application crashes or denial of service conditions if exploited. This can lead to downtime, degraded user experience, and potential loss of business continuity. While the vulnerability does not directly compromise data confidentiality or integrity, the resulting DoS can affect critical services, especially those that depend on real-time data processing or state management. Industries such as finance, e-commerce, healthcare, and public services that use JavaScript-based applications with the parse SDK could face operational interruptions. Additionally, the requirement for low privileges to exploit means that insider threats or compromised accounts could leverage this vulnerability to disrupt services. Given the interconnected nature of European digital infrastructure, even localized DoS incidents can cascade, affecting supply chains and customer-facing platforms.

To mitigate this vulnerability, European organizations should first identify all instances of the parse SDK version 5.3.0 or earlier in their software stack. Since no official patches are linked yet, organizations should monitor vendor advisories for updates or patches addressing CVE-2025-57324. In the interim, applying strict input validation and sanitization on any data passed to the SingleInstanceStateController.initializeState function can help prevent crafted payloads from reaching the vulnerable code path. Implementing runtime application self-protection (RASP) or Web Application Firewalls (WAF) with rules designed to detect and block prototype pollution attack patterns may reduce exploitation risk. Additionally, minimizing privileges for accounts and services interacting with the parse SDK reduces the attack surface, as the vulnerability requires low privileges. Conducting thorough code reviews and static analysis focused on prototype pollution patterns can uncover similar vulnerabilities. Finally, organizations should prepare incident response plans to quickly address potential DoS incidents stemming from this vulnerability.