CVE-2025-57352 is a medium-severity vulnerability affecting the 'min-document' JavaScript package prior to version 2.19.0. The root cause lies in improper handling of namespace operations within the removeAttributeNS method. Specifically, the vulnerability allows an attacker to craft malicious input that manipulates the __proto__ property, which is a special JavaScript property used to access or modify an object's prototype chain. By exploiting this, an attacker can alter the prototype chain of JavaScript objects, potentially leading to denial of service (DoS) or arbitrary code execution. This occurs because the package insufficiently validates attribute namespace removal operations, allowing unintended prototype pollution. Prototype pollution is a well-known attack vector in JavaScript environments that can lead to severe security consequences, including bypassing security controls, escalating privileges, or crashing applications. Although the vulnerability is documented and assigned CVE-2025-57352, no patch or fix is currently available, and no known exploits have been reported in the wild. The CVSS v3.1 base score is 5.3, indicating a medium severity level, with the vector indicating network attack vector (AV:N), low attack complexity (AC:L), no privileges required (PR:N), no user interaction (UI:N), unchanged scope (S:U), low confidentiality impact (C:L), no integrity impact (I:N), and no availability impact (A:N). This suggests the vulnerability can be exploited remotely without authentication or user interaction but primarily impacts confidentiality with limited scope.

For European organizations, the impact of this vulnerability depends largely on the extent to which the 'min-document' package is used within their software stacks, particularly in web applications or Node.js environments. Since 'min-document' is a lightweight DOM implementation often used in server-side rendering or testing environments, organizations leveraging it in critical web services or internal tools could be at risk. Exploitation could allow attackers to manipulate application behavior or cause denial of service, potentially disrupting services or exposing sensitive data. While the confidentiality impact is rated low, the ability to execute arbitrary code or cause DoS could lead to service outages or compromise of application integrity. This is particularly relevant for sectors with high reliance on web applications, such as finance, healthcare, and government services in Europe. Additionally, the lack of a patch increases the window of exposure, necessitating proactive risk management. Organizations using this package in supply chains or third-party dependencies should be aware of transitive risks. Given the vulnerability does not require authentication or user interaction, it could be exploited by remote attackers scanning for vulnerable instances, increasing the threat surface.

Since no official patch is currently available, European organizations should take immediate steps to mitigate risk. First, conduct a thorough inventory to identify all instances of the 'min-document' package in their environments, including transitive dependencies in Node.js projects. Where feasible, upgrade to version 2.19.0 or later once it becomes available. In the interim, consider applying manual code reviews or custom patches to sanitize inputs to removeAttributeNS calls, specifically validating and rejecting any input attempting to manipulate the __proto__ property. Employ runtime application self-protection (RASP) or Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) with custom rules to detect and block suspicious payloads targeting prototype pollution vectors. Additionally, implement strict Content Security Policies (CSP) to limit the impact of potential code execution. Monitor application logs and network traffic for anomalous behavior indicative of exploitation attempts. Engage with software vendors and open-source communities to track patch releases and advisories. Finally, incorporate this vulnerability into vulnerability management and incident response plans to ensure rapid action once fixes are available.