CVE-2025-57631 is a critical SQL Injection vulnerability identified in TDuckCloud version 5.1. This vulnerability allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on the affected system by exploiting the 'Add a file upload' module. SQL Injection (CWE-89) occurs when untrusted input is improperly sanitized and directly included in SQL queries, enabling attackers to manipulate backend databases. In this case, the injection flaw permits the attacker to execute arbitrary SQL commands, which can lead to unauthorized data access, data modification, or even full system compromise if the database is linked to other system components. The vulnerability is remotely exploitable without any authentication or user interaction, as indicated by the CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N). The CVSS score of 9.8 reflects the critical nature of this flaw, impacting confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Although no known exploits are currently reported in the wild, the high severity and ease of exploitation make this a significant threat. No patch links are provided yet, suggesting that mitigation may rely on temporary workarounds or vendor updates in the near future.

For European organizations using TDuckCloud v5.1, this vulnerability poses a severe risk. Exploitation could lead to unauthorized access to sensitive data, including personal data protected under GDPR, resulting in potential data breaches and regulatory penalties. The ability to execute arbitrary code remotely without authentication means attackers could deploy ransomware, steal intellectual property, or disrupt business operations. This could affect sectors relying on TDuckCloud for cloud services or file management, including finance, healthcare, and government agencies. The compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability could lead to operational downtime, reputational damage, and significant financial losses. Given the criticality and remote exploitability, organizations must prioritize addressing this vulnerability to maintain compliance and security posture.

Immediate mitigation steps include disabling or restricting access to the 'Add a file upload' module until a vendor patch is available. Implementing Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) with custom rules to detect and block SQL injection patterns targeting this module can reduce risk. Organizations should conduct thorough input validation and sanitization on all user inputs related to file uploads. Monitoring logs for suspicious SQL queries or unusual database activity is essential for early detection. Network segmentation can limit the impact of a successful exploit. Once a patch is released by TDuckCloud, prompt application of updates is critical. Additionally, organizations should review and tighten database permissions to minimize the potential damage from SQL injection attacks, ensuring that the database user has the least privileges necessary.