CVE-2025-57946 is a Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability identified in the Loc Bui payOS platform, affecting versions up to 1.0.61. CSRF vulnerabilities occur when an attacker tricks an authenticated user into submitting a malicious request to a web application in which they are currently authenticated, without their consent or knowledge. This can lead to unauthorized actions being performed on behalf of the user. In this case, the vulnerability allows attackers to exploit the payOS system by crafting malicious requests that, when executed by an authenticated user, can alter the state of the application. The CVSS 3.1 base score is 5.4, indicating a medium severity level. The vector string (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L) indicates that the attack can be performed remotely over the network with low attack complexity, requires no privileges, but does require user interaction (such as clicking a link). The impact affects integrity and availability but not confidentiality. There are no known exploits in the wild at the time of publication, and no patches have been linked yet. The vulnerability is classified under CWE-352, which is a common web security weakness related to CSRF attacks. Given that payOS is a payment operating system, the integrity and availability impacts could translate into unauthorized transactions or service disruptions if exploited.

For European organizations using Loc Bui payOS, this vulnerability poses a risk of unauthorized transactions or manipulation of payment processes due to the CSRF flaw. The integrity impact means attackers could potentially alter transaction details or payment settings without authorization, leading to financial losses or fraud. The availability impact could disrupt payment services, affecting business operations and customer trust. Since payOS is likely integrated into financial workflows, exploitation could have cascading effects on accounting, compliance, and customer relations. The requirement for user interaction reduces the likelihood of automated mass exploitation but does not eliminate targeted attacks, especially via phishing or social engineering. Organizations in Europe must consider the regulatory implications, including GDPR and financial compliance mandates, where unauthorized data or transaction manipulation could lead to legal penalties and reputational damage.

Specific mitigation steps include: 1) Implementing anti-CSRF tokens in all state-changing requests within payOS to ensure that requests originate from legitimate users and sessions. 2) Enforcing SameSite cookie attributes to restrict cross-origin requests. 3) Employing strict Content Security Policy (CSP) headers to reduce the risk of malicious script execution. 4) Conducting user training to recognize phishing attempts that could lead to CSRF exploitation. 5) Monitoring logs for unusual transaction patterns or repeated failed requests that could indicate exploitation attempts. 6) Applying any forthcoming patches from Loc Bui promptly once available. 7) If possible, restricting payOS administrative interfaces to trusted IP ranges or VPN access to reduce exposure. 8) Reviewing and hardening session management to limit session lifetime and scope. These measures go beyond generic advice by focusing on both technical controls and user awareness tailored to the payment system context.