CVE-2025-58287 is a Use After Free (UAF) vulnerability identified in the office service component of Huawei's HarmonyOS, specifically affecting versions 5.0.1 and 5.1.0. The root cause is linked to CWE-275, indicating permission issues that allow improper memory management leading to UAF conditions. This vulnerability arises when the system incorrectly handles object lifecycle, freeing memory that is still referenced, which can be exploited by an attacker to execute arbitrary code or cause denial of service. The CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H) indicates that exploitation requires local access and user interaction but no privileges, with high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The vulnerability could allow attackers to escalate privileges or access sensitive information within the office service, potentially compromising user data and system stability. No public exploits or patches are currently available, increasing the urgency for defensive measures. Given HarmonyOS's growing adoption in mobile and IoT devices, this vulnerability poses a significant risk, especially in environments where these devices are used for sensitive operations. The permission issue (CWE-275) suggests that the vulnerability could be mitigated by improving access control and memory management within the affected service.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2025-58287 could be substantial, particularly for those relying on Huawei HarmonyOS devices in enterprise or critical infrastructure contexts. Exploitation could lead to unauthorized access to confidential documents and data handled by the office service, undermining data privacy and compliance with regulations such as GDPR. Integrity and availability impacts could disrupt business operations, causing downtime or data corruption. The requirement for local access and user interaction limits remote exploitation but does not eliminate risk, especially in environments where devices are shared or physically accessible by untrusted individuals. The lack of patches increases exposure time, and the high CVSS score reflects the potential for severe damage. Organizations in sectors like telecommunications, government, and manufacturing, where Huawei devices are prevalent, may face increased risk of targeted attacks or insider threats leveraging this vulnerability.

1. Restrict physical and local access to Huawei HarmonyOS devices, especially those running versions 5.0.1 and 5.1.0, to trusted personnel only. 2. Implement strict user access controls and monitor for unusual user interactions that could trigger exploitation attempts. 3. Employ endpoint detection and response (EDR) tools capable of identifying memory corruption or anomalous behavior in the office service. 4. Prepare for rapid deployment of patches once Huawei releases updates addressing this vulnerability; establish a vulnerability management process prioritizing this CVE. 5. Conduct user awareness training to minimize risky interactions that could facilitate exploitation. 6. Where possible, isolate HarmonyOS devices from critical networks or sensitive data environments until patched. 7. Engage with Huawei support channels for early access to patches or mitigation guidance. 8. Review and harden permission settings related to the office service to reduce attack surface. 9. Maintain up-to-date backups to recover from potential data integrity or availability impacts. 10. Monitor threat intelligence feeds for emerging exploit information related to this CVE.