CVE-2025-58297 is a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability identified in the sensor service component of Huawei's HarmonyOS version 5.1.0. This vulnerability is classified under CWE-121, indicating improper handling of buffer boundaries leading to memory corruption. The flaw arises when the sensor service processes input data without adequate bounds checking, allowing an attacker with local access to overflow the stack buffer. Successful exploitation can result in arbitrary code execution or system crashes, affecting the system's availability and potentially compromising confidentiality and integrity. The CVSS 3.1 base score is 5.9 (medium), with an attack vector limited to local access (AV:L), low attack complexity (AC:L), no privileges required (PR:N), and no user interaction needed (UI:N). The scope remains unchanged (S:U), and the impact affects confidentiality, integrity, and availability to a low degree (C:L/I:L/A:L). Currently, there are no known exploits in the wild, and no patches have been released by Huawei. The vulnerability was reserved in late August 2025 and published in October 2025. Given the nature of the sensor service, which often interfaces with hardware components, exploitation could disrupt sensor data processing, leading to denial of service or potential escalation if combined with other vulnerabilities. The absence of patches necessitates immediate risk mitigation through access controls and monitoring.

For European organizations, this vulnerability poses a moderate risk primarily to availability and system stability, especially in environments where Huawei HarmonyOS 5.1.0 is deployed on devices relying on sensor data, such as IoT devices, industrial control systems, or mobile devices. Disruption of sensor services could impair operational processes, data collection, and real-time monitoring, potentially causing downtime or degraded performance. Confidentiality and integrity impacts are assessed as low but cannot be entirely ruled out if the vulnerability is chained with other exploits. The requirement for local access limits remote exploitation risks but raises concerns for insider threats or compromised local devices. Critical infrastructure sectors, manufacturing, and telecommunications using Huawei hardware may experience operational interruptions. The lack of known exploits reduces immediate threat but does not eliminate future risks once exploit code becomes available.

1. Restrict local access to devices running HarmonyOS 5.1.0, enforcing strict physical and logical access controls to prevent unauthorized users from interacting with the sensor service. 2. Monitor sensor service logs and system behavior for anomalies indicative of buffer overflow attempts or crashes. 3. Employ application whitelisting and endpoint protection solutions capable of detecting abnormal process behavior related to sensor service. 4. Segment networks to isolate critical devices running HarmonyOS, limiting lateral movement in case of compromise. 5. Engage with Huawei support channels to obtain security advisories and patches promptly once available. 6. Conduct regular vulnerability assessments and penetration tests focusing on local privilege escalation and buffer overflow vectors. 7. Educate staff on the risks of local exploitation and enforce policies to reduce insider threat risks. 8. Consider temporary mitigation by disabling or restricting sensor service functionality if feasible without disrupting critical operations.