CVE-2025-58297 is a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability classified under CWE-121, affecting the sensor service component of Huawei's HarmonyOS version 5.1.0. The flaw originates from insufficient bounds checking when handling sensor data inputs, which can lead to memory corruption on the stack. This corruption may allow an attacker to overwrite return addresses or control data, potentially leading to arbitrary code execution or system crashes. The vulnerability requires local access (AV:L), no privileges (PR:N), and no user interaction (UI:N), indicating that an attacker with local access to the device can exploit it without elevated permissions or user involvement. The CVSS v3.1 base score is 5.9 (medium severity), reflecting limited confidentiality and integrity impacts but a notable availability impact due to possible denial of service. No known exploits have been reported in the wild, and Huawei has not yet released patches. The sensor service is critical for device operation as it manages hardware sensor data, so exploitation could disrupt normal device functionality. Given the nature of the vulnerability, exploitation scenarios include malicious apps or local attackers triggering the overflow to destabilize or take control of the device. The lack of required privileges lowers the barrier for exploitation but the need for local access limits remote attack vectors. This vulnerability highlights the importance of secure coding practices in embedded OS components and the need for timely patch management.

For European organizations, the primary impact is on availability and operational continuity of devices running HarmonyOS 5.1.0, particularly those relying on Huawei hardware in industrial, telecommunications, or IoT environments. Disruption of sensor services could impair device functionality, leading to downtime or degraded performance. Confidentiality and integrity impacts are limited but possible if exploitation leads to arbitrary code execution, potentially enabling further compromise. The requirement for local access reduces the risk of widespread remote attacks but insider threats or compromised local devices could exploit this vulnerability. Organizations using HarmonyOS devices in critical infrastructure or sensitive environments may face increased risk of targeted attacks aiming to disrupt operations. The absence of patches means that until Huawei releases updates, affected devices remain vulnerable. Additionally, the medium severity score suggests that while the threat is not critical, it should not be ignored, especially in high-security contexts. European entities with supply chains or partnerships involving Huawei technology should prioritize risk assessments and monitoring related to this vulnerability.

1. Restrict physical and local access to devices running HarmonyOS 5.1.0 to trusted personnel only, minimizing the risk of local exploitation. 2. Implement strict application whitelisting and sandboxing to prevent untrusted or malicious apps from interacting with the sensor service. 3. Monitor device logs and sensor service behavior for anomalies indicative of exploitation attempts, such as crashes or unusual sensor data patterns. 4. Engage with Huawei support channels to obtain timely information on patches or workarounds and plan for rapid deployment once available. 5. Conduct internal audits of devices to identify those running the affected HarmonyOS version and isolate or upgrade them where possible. 6. Employ endpoint detection and response (EDR) solutions capable of detecting exploitation behaviors related to buffer overflows. 7. Educate staff on the risks of local device compromise and enforce strong physical security controls. 8. Consider network segmentation for IoT and embedded devices to limit lateral movement in case of compromise. 9. Prepare incident response plans specifically addressing potential denial of service or device compromise scenarios linked to this vulnerability.