CVE-2025-58301 is a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability identified in the device management module of Huawei's HarmonyOS, specifically impacting versions 5.0.1 and 5.1.0. The vulnerability stems from improper handling of input data within the device management component, leading to a buffer overflow on the stack. This type of vulnerability (CWE-121) can allow an attacker to overwrite the stack memory, potentially causing the system to crash or behave unpredictably. According to the CVSS v3.1 vector (AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H), exploitation requires local access (AV:L), low attack complexity (AC:L), no privileges (PR:N), and no user interaction (UI:N). The impact is limited to availability (A:H), with no confidentiality or integrity impact. This means an attacker with local access can trigger a denial of service by crashing the device management service or the entire system, leading to service disruption. No known exploits have been reported in the wild, and no patches are currently linked, indicating that mitigation may rely on vendor updates in the near future. The vulnerability is significant for environments where HarmonyOS devices are used for critical operations, as availability interruptions could affect business continuity. The stack-based buffer overflow nature also suggests potential for further exploitation if combined with other vulnerabilities, but currently, the impact is limited to denial of service.

For European organizations, the primary impact of CVE-2025-58301 is the potential for denial of service on Huawei HarmonyOS devices, which could disrupt device management operations and availability of services relying on these devices. This may affect sectors using Huawei IoT devices, smart infrastructure, or mobile devices running HarmonyOS, particularly in environments where device uptime is critical. Although confidentiality and integrity are not directly impacted, service outages could lead to operational delays, loss of productivity, or impact on customer-facing services. Organizations with extensive Huawei device deployments may face increased risk of operational disruption. The lack of known exploits reduces immediate risk, but the vulnerability's presence necessitates proactive mitigation to avoid future exploitation. Additionally, the requirement for local access means that internal threat actors or compromised devices within the network could exploit this vulnerability, emphasizing the need for strict internal access controls.

1. Monitor Huawei's official security advisories for patches addressing CVE-2025-58301 and apply them promptly once available. 2. Restrict local access to device management interfaces on HarmonyOS devices by enforcing network segmentation and limiting physical access. 3. Implement strict access control policies and monitor for unauthorized local access attempts to devices running affected HarmonyOS versions. 4. Employ endpoint detection and response (EDR) solutions to detect anomalous behavior indicative of exploitation attempts. 5. Conduct regular security audits of HarmonyOS devices within the network to ensure they are running supported and updated versions. 6. Where possible, isolate critical HarmonyOS devices from untrusted networks or users to reduce the attack surface. 7. Educate internal staff about the risks of local exploitation and enforce policies to prevent unauthorized device access. 8. Prepare incident response plans to quickly address potential denial of service incidents affecting HarmonyOS devices.