CVE-2025-5837 is a medium-severity SQL Injection vulnerability identified in version 1.3 of the PHPGurukul Employee Record Management System. The vulnerability exists in the /admin/allemployees.php file, specifically through the manipulation of the 'delid' parameter. This parameter is used in a way that allows an attacker to inject malicious SQL code, potentially altering the intended SQL query executed by the backend database. The vulnerability can be exploited remotely without requiring user interaction or authentication, which increases its risk profile. However, the CVSS vector indicates that some privileges are required (PR:L), meaning the attacker must have limited privileges on the system to exploit this flaw. The impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability is limited but present, as the vulnerability could allow an attacker to read or modify data within the employee records database, potentially leading to unauthorized data disclosure or data tampering. The vulnerability does not affect system confidentiality, integrity, or availability at a high level, as indicated by the CVSS vector components (VC:L, VI:L, VA:L). No public exploits are currently known in the wild, but the exploit details have been disclosed publicly, increasing the risk of future exploitation. No patches or fixes have been linked or published at this time, so affected organizations must rely on mitigations or workarounds until an official patch is released.

For European organizations using PHPGurukul Employee Record Management System version 1.3, this vulnerability poses a risk of unauthorized access to employee data, which can include sensitive personal information protected under GDPR. Exploitation could lead to data breaches, reputational damage, and potential regulatory penalties. The ability to remotely exploit the vulnerability without user interaction or authentication increases the threat level, especially for organizations with exposed administrative interfaces. The limited scope of the impact (medium severity) suggests that while the vulnerability is serious, it may not lead to full system compromise but could allow attackers to manipulate or extract employee records. This is particularly concerning for HR departments and organizations with large employee databases. Additionally, the lack of a patch means that organizations must be vigilant in monitoring and applying compensating controls to prevent exploitation.

1. Restrict access to the /admin/allemployees.php interface by implementing network-level controls such as VPNs, IP whitelisting, or firewall rules to limit access to trusted administrators only. 2. Employ Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) with SQL Injection detection and prevention capabilities to block malicious payloads targeting the 'delid' parameter. 3. Conduct code review and implement parameterized queries or prepared statements in the PHPGurukul Employee Record Management System source code to eliminate SQL Injection vulnerabilities. 4. Monitor logs for unusual or suspicious activity related to the 'delid' parameter or the /admin/allemployees.php endpoint to detect potential exploitation attempts. 5. If possible, disable or remove the vulnerable functionality temporarily until a vendor patch is available. 6. Educate administrators about the risk and ensure strong authentication and session management to reduce the risk of privilege escalation that could facilitate exploitation. 7. Regularly check for vendor updates or patches and apply them promptly once available.