CVE-2025-58583 is a vulnerability categorized under CWE-497, which involves the exposure of sensitive system information to unauthorized entities. The affected product is SICK AG's Enterprise Analytics, which utilizes an H2 database for caching purposes. The vulnerability stems from the application's design where the login interface to the H2 database pre-fills the username field. Although the database is login protected, the prefilled username can reveal sensitive information about the system configuration or user accounts, potentially aiding attackers in reconnaissance or further exploitation. The vulnerability is remotely exploitable over the network without requiring any privileges or user interaction, as indicated by the CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N). The impact is limited to confidentiality, with no direct effect on integrity or availability. There are no known exploits in the wild, and no patches have been published at the time of analysis. The exposure could allow attackers to gather system details that facilitate targeted attacks or lateral movement within a network. Given the product's use in industrial analytics, this information disclosure could be leveraged in attacks against critical infrastructure or manufacturing environments.

For European organizations, especially those in industrial automation, manufacturing, and critical infrastructure sectors, this vulnerability poses a risk of sensitive information leakage that could be used to facilitate more advanced attacks. The exposure of usernames or system details can aid attackers in crafting targeted phishing campaigns, credential stuffing, or exploitation of other vulnerabilities. While the vulnerability does not directly compromise system integrity or availability, the confidentiality breach can lead to increased risk of subsequent attacks. Organizations relying on SICK AG's Enterprise Analytics for operational insights may face increased threat actor interest, particularly in countries with dense industrial activity. The lack of authentication or user interaction requirements means attackers can attempt exploitation remotely, increasing the attack surface. This could be particularly impactful in environments where network segmentation is weak or where the H2 database interface is exposed beyond trusted zones.

To mitigate this vulnerability, European organizations should immediately restrict network access to the H2 database interface used by Enterprise Analytics, ensuring it is accessible only from trusted internal systems. Implement strict firewall rules and network segmentation to isolate the database from external or less trusted networks. Monitor logs for any unauthorized access attempts to the H2 database login interface. Disable or remove any unnecessary services or interfaces that expose sensitive information. Engage with SICK AG to obtain updates on patches or security advisories and apply them promptly once available. Additionally, conduct regular security assessments of the Enterprise Analytics deployment to identify and remediate any other potential information disclosure issues. Employ intrusion detection systems to alert on anomalous access patterns targeting the database interface. Finally, educate relevant personnel about the risks associated with exposed system information and enforce strong credential management policies.