CVE-2025-58586 identifies an information disclosure vulnerability categorized under CWE-204 (Observable Response Discrepancy) in the SICK AG Baggage Analytics software. The core issue arises from the application returning different error messages during failed login attempts depending on whether the username does not exist or the password is incorrect. This discrepancy allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to perform username enumeration by submitting login requests with various usernames and analyzing the error responses. Such enumeration can reveal valid usernames, which can then be targeted in subsequent attacks like brute force password attempts or phishing campaigns. The vulnerability affects all versions of the product and requires no privileges or user interaction, making it relatively easy to exploit remotely over the network. The CVSS v3.1 base score is 5.3 (medium severity), reflecting the vulnerability's limited direct impact on confidentiality (only partial information disclosure), no impact on integrity or availability, and ease of exploitation without authentication. No patches or exploits are currently reported, but the vulnerability is publicly disclosed as of October 6, 2025. The affected product is used primarily in baggage handling and analytics systems, which are critical components in airport security and logistics operations.

For European organizations, particularly those operating airports, logistics hubs, and transportation infrastructure, this vulnerability poses a risk by enabling attackers to gather valid usernames from Baggage Analytics systems. While the vulnerability itself does not allow direct system compromise, the leaked usernames can facilitate targeted brute force attacks, credential stuffing, or social engineering campaigns, potentially leading to unauthorized access. Given the critical nature of baggage handling systems in airport security and operational continuity, any compromise could have cascading effects on safety, passenger experience, and regulatory compliance. Additionally, attackers could leverage enumerated usernames to pivot into other connected systems if credential reuse occurs. The impact is heightened in Europe due to stringent data protection regulations (e.g., GDPR), where unauthorized access or data breaches can result in significant legal and financial penalties.

To mitigate CVE-2025-58586, organizations should implement the following specific measures: 1) Standardize login failure responses so that the same generic error message is returned regardless of whether the username or password is incorrect, eliminating the observable discrepancy. 2) Deploy account lockout or progressive delay mechanisms after a defined number of failed login attempts to hinder automated username enumeration and brute force attacks. 3) Enable multi-factor authentication (MFA) on all user accounts to reduce the risk of unauthorized access even if usernames are discovered. 4) Monitor authentication logs for unusual patterns indicative of enumeration or brute force attempts and trigger alerts for investigation. 5) Conduct regular security assessments and penetration tests focusing on authentication mechanisms to identify similar weaknesses. 6) Engage with SICK AG for updates or patches and apply them promptly once available. 7) Educate users and administrators about phishing risks and credential hygiene to minimize exploitation of enumerated usernames.