CVE-2025-58923 is a vulnerability classified as Remote File Inclusion (RFI) in the Critique theme developed by axiomthemes, affecting versions up to and including 1.17. The root cause is improper control over the filename parameter used in PHP's include or require statements. This flaw allows an attacker to manipulate the input to these statements to include external files from remote servers. When exploited, this can lead to remote code execution on the web server hosting the vulnerable theme, enabling attackers to run arbitrary PHP code, potentially leading to full system compromise. The vulnerability is particularly dangerous because it bypasses normal file inclusion restrictions, allowing attackers to load malicious scripts hosted remotely. Although no public exploits have been reported yet, the nature of RFI vulnerabilities makes them attractive targets for attackers seeking to gain initial access or escalate privileges. The affected product, Critique, is a PHP-based theme commonly used in WordPress environments, which are widespread in Europe. The absence of a CVSS score indicates this is a newly published vulnerability with limited public data, but the technical details and impact suggest a high risk. The vulnerability was reserved in September 2025 and published in December 2025, indicating recent discovery. No patches or mitigations have been officially released yet, increasing the urgency for organizations to implement interim protective measures.

The impact of CVE-2025-58923 on European organizations can be severe. Successful exploitation allows attackers to execute arbitrary code remotely, potentially leading to full compromise of web servers running the Critique theme. This can result in data breaches, defacement of websites, deployment of malware, or use of compromised servers as pivot points for further attacks within corporate networks. Confidentiality is at risk as attackers can access sensitive data stored or processed by the affected web applications. Integrity is compromised through unauthorized code execution and potential modification of website content or backend data. Availability may also be affected if attackers disrupt services or deploy ransomware. Given the widespread use of PHP and WordPress in Europe, organizations ranging from SMEs to large enterprises using this theme are vulnerable. The lack of known exploits currently reduces immediate risk but does not eliminate the threat, as attackers may develop exploits rapidly. The threat is particularly relevant for sectors with high online presence such as e-commerce, media, and public services in Europe.

1. Immediate action should include auditing all web servers for the presence of the Critique theme version 1.17 or earlier and disabling or isolating vulnerable instances. 2. Apply patches or updates from axiomthemes as soon as they become available. 3. Implement strict input validation and sanitization on all parameters that influence file inclusion paths to prevent injection of remote URLs. 4. Configure PHP settings to disable allow_url_include and allow_url_fopen directives to prevent remote file inclusion. 5. Employ Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) with rules designed to detect and block suspicious file inclusion attempts. 6. Monitor web server logs for unusual requests that attempt to include remote files or access unexpected URLs. 7. Restrict file system permissions to limit the impact of any successful code execution. 8. Conduct regular vulnerability scanning and penetration testing focused on file inclusion vulnerabilities. 9. Educate development and operations teams about secure coding practices related to file inclusion. 10. Consider isolating critical web applications in segmented network zones to limit lateral movement if compromised.