CVE-2025-58925 is a vulnerability classified as Remote File Inclusion (RFI) found in the axiomthemes Neptunus WordPress theme versions up to 1.0.11. The flaw arises from improper validation and control of filenames used in PHP include or require statements, allowing an attacker to supply a malicious remote file URL that the server then includes and executes. This can lead to arbitrary code execution on the web server, enabling attackers to compromise the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the affected system. The vulnerability does not require any authentication or user interaction, making it exploitable remotely by any attacker with network access to the vulnerable web server. The CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.1 indicates a high severity, with network attack vector, high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, and no privileges or user interaction needed. Although no public exploits are currently known, the nature of RFI vulnerabilities historically leads to rapid exploitation once disclosed. The affected product, Neptunus, is a WordPress theme distributed by axiomthemes, and the vulnerability affects all versions up to and including 1.0.11. No official patches or updates are currently linked, so users must monitor vendor advisories. The vulnerability was reserved in September 2025 and published in December 2025. The lack of CWE classification suggests it is a straightforward RFI issue related to insufficient input validation and sanitization in PHP file inclusion logic.

For European organizations, exploitation of CVE-2025-58925 could result in severe consequences including unauthorized access to sensitive data, website defacement, deployment of malware or ransomware, and complete server takeover. This can disrupt business operations, damage reputation, and lead to regulatory non-compliance, especially under GDPR requirements for data protection. Organizations relying on the Neptunus theme for their public-facing websites or internal portals are at risk of compromise. The attack can be launched remotely without authentication, increasing the attack surface. Given the high usage of WordPress and associated themes across Europe, the potential scale of impact is significant. Critical sectors such as finance, healthcare, and government entities using this theme could face targeted attacks aiming to exfiltrate data or disrupt services. Additionally, compromised servers could be leveraged as part of botnets or for further lateral movement within networks.

1. Immediately monitor for official patches or updates from axiomthemes and apply them as soon as they become available. 2. In the interim, disable remote file inclusion in PHP by setting 'allow_url_include=Off' and 'allow_url_fopen=Off' in the php.ini configuration to prevent inclusion of remote files. 3. Employ Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) with rules to detect and block suspicious requests attempting to exploit file inclusion vulnerabilities, such as requests containing URL parameters with remote file paths. 4. Conduct thorough code reviews and implement input validation and sanitization on all parameters used in include/require statements to ensure only safe, local files can be included. 5. Restrict file permissions and isolate web server processes to limit the impact of potential exploitation. 6. Regularly audit WordPress themes and plugins for vulnerabilities and remove or replace unsupported or unmaintained components. 7. Implement network segmentation and monitoring to detect anomalous behavior indicative of exploitation attempts. 8. Educate web administrators and developers about secure coding practices related to file inclusion.