CVE-2025-59203 is a vulnerability classified under CWE-532, which involves the insertion of sensitive information into log files by the Windows StateRepository API in Windows 11 Version 25H2 (build 10.0.26200.0). This vulnerability allows an authorized attacker with local access and limited privileges to read sensitive data that should not be exposed in log files. The flaw arises because the StateRepository API improperly logs sensitive information, potentially including credentials or other confidential data, which can be accessed by users with local privileges. The vulnerability does not require user interaction and does not affect system integrity or availability, focusing solely on confidentiality compromise. The CVSS 3.1 base score is 5.5 (medium severity), reflecting the local attack vector, low complexity, and high confidentiality impact. No known exploits have been reported in the wild, and no official patches have been released as of the publication date. This vulnerability highlights the risk of sensitive data leakage through improper logging practices in modern Windows components, emphasizing the need for secure coding and log management.

For European organizations, this vulnerability poses a confidentiality risk, especially in environments where multiple users share systems or where local access controls are weak. Attackers with authorized local access could extract sensitive information from logs, potentially leading to further attacks such as privilege escalation or lateral movement. Critical sectors like finance, healthcare, and government, which often use Windows 11 in their infrastructure, could face data breaches impacting privacy and compliance with regulations such as GDPR. Although the vulnerability does not affect system integrity or availability, the exposure of sensitive data could undermine trust and lead to regulatory penalties. The medium severity score indicates a moderate risk, but the impact could be significant if exploited in sensitive environments or combined with other vulnerabilities.

To mitigate this vulnerability, organizations should implement strict local access controls to limit the number of users with privileges sufficient to access the affected logs. Regularly audit and monitor access to log files generated by the StateRepository API and other system components to detect unauthorized access attempts. Employ endpoint detection and response (EDR) solutions to identify suspicious local activities. Until an official patch is released, consider disabling or restricting the use of the StateRepository API where feasible, or apply group policies to limit logging verbosity if configurable. Educate system administrators about the risks of sensitive data in logs and enforce secure logging practices. Prepare for rapid deployment of patches once Microsoft releases updates addressing this issue. Additionally, review and harden system configurations to minimize the attack surface related to local privilege misuse.