CVE-2025-59260 is a vulnerability classified under CWE-200 (Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor) affecting Microsoft Windows Server 2019, specifically version 10.0.17763.0. The flaw resides in the Microsoft Failover Cluster Virtual Driver component, which is responsible for managing failover clustering functionality that ensures high availability of services. An attacker with authorized local access and low privileges can exploit this vulnerability to disclose sensitive information from the system. The vulnerability does not require user interaction and has a low attack complexity, but it is limited to local access, meaning remote exploitation is not feasible. The CVSS v3.1 base score is 5.5 (medium severity), reflecting high confidentiality impact but no impact on integrity or availability. No known exploits are currently reported in the wild, and no official patches have been released as of the publication date (October 14, 2025). The vulnerability could allow attackers to gather sensitive data that may facilitate further attacks or privilege escalation. Since it affects a core Windows Server component used in clustered environments, organizations relying on failover clusters for critical services are particularly at risk. The lack of patches necessitates immediate mitigation through access restrictions and monitoring until a fix is available.

For European organizations, this vulnerability poses a moderate risk primarily to confidentiality of sensitive information on Windows Server 2019 systems deployed in failover cluster configurations. Exposure of sensitive data could lead to information leakage that aids attackers in lateral movement or privilege escalation within enterprise networks. Critical infrastructure, financial institutions, and large enterprises that depend on high availability clusters may face increased risk if attackers gain local access to cluster nodes. Although the vulnerability does not affect system integrity or availability directly, the disclosed information could be leveraged in multi-stage attacks. The requirement for local authenticated access limits the threat to insiders or attackers who have already compromised user credentials or gained physical access. However, given the widespread use of Windows Server 2019 across European enterprises, the potential for targeted attacks in sensitive sectors is significant. Organizations with less stringent local access controls or those operating in high-risk geopolitical environments may face elevated exposure.

European organizations should implement strict local access controls on Windows Server 2019 systems, especially those configured as failover clusters. Limit administrative and user privileges to the minimum necessary and enforce strong authentication mechanisms to reduce the risk of unauthorized local access. Monitor logs and system behavior for unusual local activity that could indicate exploitation attempts. Network segmentation can help isolate cluster nodes from less trusted network zones. Prepare for rapid deployment of official patches once Microsoft releases them by maintaining up-to-date asset inventories and patch management processes. Consider deploying endpoint detection and response (EDR) solutions capable of detecting suspicious local actions related to cluster drivers. Conduct regular security audits and penetration tests focused on local privilege escalation and information disclosure vectors. Educate system administrators about the risks of local access vulnerabilities and the importance of physical security for critical servers.