CVE-2025-59380VulnerabilityPublished 2 Jan 2026

CVE-2025-59380: QNAP Systems QTS · Path Traversal

Affects QNAP Systems QTSSource CVE Database V5

Not known to be exploited · CVSS 4.6 Medium : upgrade to 5.2.8.3332 build 20251128 when convenient.

Data as of 25 Oct 2026, 19:02 UTC

CVSS 4.0 base score

4.6Medium

How severe the flaw is on the 0–10 CVSS scale.

EPSS: 0.5% chance of exploitation in 30 days – higher than 47% of CVEsExploit Prediction Scoring System: the likelihood attackers will use this flaw soon.
Patch: Available – fixed in 5.2.8.3332 build 20251128, h5.2.8.3321 build 20251117

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U

Base metrics

Attack Vector: Network
Attack Complexity: Low
Attack Requirements: None
Privileges Required: High
User Interaction: None
Vulnerable system confidentiality: High
Vulnerable system integrity: None
Vulnerable system availability: None
Subsequent system confidentiality: None
Subsequent system integrity: None
Subsequent system availability: None

Threat metrics

Exploit Maturity: Unreported

Bold values are the worst case: easiest to exploit or largest impact.

Attack Vector: Network: The vulnerable system is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed below, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed “remotely exploitable” and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers).
Attack Complexity: Low: The attacker must take no measurable action to exploit the vulnerability. The attack requires no target-specific circumvention to exploit the vulnerability. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable system.
Attack Requirements: None: The successful attack does not depend on the deployment and execution conditions of the vulnerable system. The attacker can expect to be able to reach the vulnerability and execute the exploit under all or most instances of the vulnerability.
Privileges Required: High: The attacker requires privileges that provide significant (e.g., administrative) control over the vulnerable system allowing full access to the vulnerable system’s settings and files.
User Interaction: None: The vulnerable system can be exploited without interaction from any human user, other than the attacker.
Vulnerable system confidentiality: High: There is a total loss of confidentiality, resulting in all information within the Vulnerable System being divulged to the attacker. Alternatively, access to only some restricted information is obtained, but the disclosed information presents a direct, serious impact. For example, an attacker steals the administrator's password, or private encryption keys of a web server.
Vulnerable system integrity: None: There is no loss of integrity within the Vulnerable System.
Vulnerable system availability: None: There is no impact to availability within the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system confidentiality: None: There is no loss of confidentiality within the Subsequent System or all confidentiality impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system integrity: None: There is no loss of integrity within the Subsequent System or all integrity impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system availability: None: There is no impact to availability within the Subsequent System or all availability impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Exploit Maturity: Unreported: Based on threat intelligence sources each of the following must apply: · No knowledge of publicly available proof-of-concept · No knowledge of reported attempts to exploit this vulnerability · No knowledge of publicly available solutions used to simplify attempts to exploit the vulnerability

Definitions: FIRST CVSS v4.0 specification.

Exploitation evidence

Disclosed: evidence found.
CVE published 2 Jan 2026
Detectable: no evidence on record.
No public nuclei template indexed
Weaponised: no evidence on record.
No public exploit code indexed in Metasploit or Exploit-DB
Exploited in the wildExploited: no evidence on record.
Not in CISA KEV and no source reports exploitation
Observed by OffSeq MirageSeen by Mirage: no evidence on record.
No attack traffic recorded by OffSeq Mirage sensors

A missing step is not evidence of safety. Sources: cve.org (opens in a new tab), the Metasploit, Exploit-DB and nuclei-templates index as of 2026-10-25.

Disclosed: The CVE record is public on cve.org. Its publication is t = 0.
Detectable: A public nuclei template can find exposed instances, for defenders and attackers alike.
Weaponised: Public exploit code exists in Metasploit or Exploit-DB, or CISA SSVC reports a public proof of concept.
Exploited in the wild: CISA KEV lists it, CISA SSVC rates exploitation active, or a source reports attacks.
Observed by OffSeq Mirage: OffSeq Mirage honeypot sensors recorded attack traffic for this CVE, or found exposed hosts without attack traffic.

Moments are spaced evenly, not to scale; a dashed line marks a gap of six months or more. Deltas count from t = 0. Sources that give only a date (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, or a time of exactly 00:00Z) read “same day” rather than hours. Metasploit modules carry the flaw’s disclosure date, not their release date, and nuclei templates carry no date, so both appear above but not on the timeline.

What to do

Upgrade QTS to 5.2.8.3332 build 20251128; QuTS hero to h5.2.8.3321 build 20251117.

Affected software

Product	Affected	Fixed in
QNAP Systems Inc.QTS	Affected =>=5.2.0 <5.3.0	Fixed in 5.2.8.3332 build 20251128
QNAP Systems Inc.QuTS hero	Affected ≥ h5.2.x, < h5.2.8.3321 build 20251117	Fixed in h5.2.8.3321 build 20251117

AI-suggested

1. Immediately upgrade all QNAP NAS devices running QTS 5.2.x to the patched versions QTS 5.2.8.3332 or later, or QuTS hero h5.2.8.3321 or later, as provided by QNAP. 2. Restrict administrator account access strictly using strong authentication methods, including multi-factor authentication (MFA) where supported, to reduce the risk of credential compromise. 3. Regularly audit administrator account usage and monitor logs for unusual file access patterns that may indicate exploitation attempts. 4. Implement network segmentation to isolate NAS devices from general user networks and limit remote administrative access to trusted IP addresses or VPN connections. 5. Employ file integrity monitoring on critical system files to detect unauthorized access or changes. 6. Educate administrators on the risks of credential compromise and enforce strong password policies. 7. Maintain up-to-date backups of NAS data to ensure recovery in case of exploitation or related incidents.

Description

A path traversal vulnerability has been reported to affect several QNAP operating system versions. If a remote attacker gains an administrator account, they can then exploit the vulnerability to read the contents of unexpected files or system data. We have already fixed the vulnerability in the following versions: QTS 5.2.8.3332 build 20251128 and later QuTS hero h5.2.8.3321 build 20251117 and later

Impact

For European organizations, the primary impact of CVE-2025-59380 is unauthorized disclosure of sensitive data stored on QNAP NAS devices running vulnerable QTS versions. This can include configuration files, credentials, or proprietary information, which could facilitate further attacks or compliance violations under GDPR. The requirement for administrative access reduces the likelihood of external attackers exploiting this vulnerability directly; however, insider threats or compromised admin accounts pose a significant risk. Organizations relying heavily on QNAP NAS for critical data storage, backup, or file sharing may face operational risks if sensitive system files are exposed. Additionally, disclosure of system data could aid attackers in escalating privileges or moving laterally within networks. The vulnerability could also impact service availability indirectly if exploited to manipulate system files or configurations. Given the widespread use of QNAP devices in small to medium enterprises and some larger organizations across Europe, the risk is non-negligible, especially in sectors with high data sensitivity such as finance, healthcare, and government.

CWE-22Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal') (opens in a new tab)
Base weaknessLikelihood of exploit: HighCWE Top 25 (2025): #6OWASP Top 10 A01:2025: Broken Access Control (opens in a new tab)
The product uses external input to construct a pathname that is intended to identify a file or directory that is located underneath a restricted parent directory, but the product does not properly neutralize special elements within the pathname that can cause the pathname to resolve to a location that is outside of the restricted directory.
Implementation · Input Validation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
Architecture and Design
For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks…
Implementation · Input Validation
Inputs should be decoded and canonicalized to the application's current internal representation before being validated (CWE-180). Make sure that the application does not decode the same input twice (CWE-174).
OWASP Cheat Sheets
Authorization (opens in a new tab)
OWASP ASVS 4.0.3
V12.3.1 (opens in a new tab)
Attack patterns
Path Traversal (opens in a new tab)
Using Slashes and URL Encoding Combined to Bypass Validation Logic (opens in a new tab)
Manipulating Web Input to File System Calls (opens in a new tab)
Using Escaped Slashes in Alternate Encoding (opens in a new tab)
Using Slashes in Alternate Encoding (opens in a new tab)
From MITRE CWE, MITRE CAPEC and OWASP (Top 10, OpenCRE).

References

qnap.com/en/security-advisory/qsa-25-51 (opens in a new tab)

Community reviews

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Exploitation evidence

What to do

Affected software

Description

AI analysisMachine-generated, updated 9 Jan 2026, 17:20 UTC

WeaknessesCWE-22

Technical details

References

Community reviews

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