CVE-2025-59508 is a race condition vulnerability classified under CWE-362, found in the Windows Speech component of Microsoft Windows 10 Version 1809 (build 17763.0). The flaw arises from improper synchronization when multiple threads or processes concurrently access shared resources, leading to a race condition. This condition can be exploited by an attacker with local, low-level privileges to escalate their rights on the system without requiring user interaction. The vulnerability impacts confidentiality, integrity, and availability by potentially allowing unauthorized code execution with elevated privileges, which could lead to system compromise or data breaches. The attack complexity is high, meaning exploitation requires precise timing and conditions, but no known public exploits exist yet. The vulnerability was reserved in September 2025 and published in November 2025, with no patches currently available. The CVSS 3.1 vector indicates local attack vector (AV:L), high attack complexity (AC:H), low privileges required (PR:L), no user interaction (UI:N), unchanged scope (S:U), and high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability (C:H/I:H/A:H). This vulnerability is significant for environments still running Windows 10 Version 1809, which is an older but still in-use operating system version in some enterprises.

European organizations running Windows 10 Version 1809 are at risk of local privilege escalation attacks that could lead to full system compromise. This is particularly critical for sectors with sensitive data or critical infrastructure, such as government agencies, healthcare, finance, and manufacturing. Exploitation could allow attackers to bypass security controls, install persistent malware, or exfiltrate sensitive information. The high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability means that successful exploitation could disrupt business operations and cause data breaches. Since the vulnerability requires local access, insider threats or attackers who gain initial foothold through other means could leverage this flaw to escalate privileges. The lack of patches at the time of disclosure increases the window of exposure. Organizations relying on legacy systems without upgrade plans face elevated risk. Additionally, the complexity of exploitation may limit widespread attacks but does not eliminate targeted attacks against high-value European targets.

1. Prioritize upgrading or migrating systems from Windows 10 Version 1809 to a supported and patched Windows version to eliminate exposure. 2. Until patches are available, restrict local access to systems by enforcing strict access controls, including limiting administrative privileges and using endpoint protection solutions to detect suspicious local activity. 3. Implement application whitelisting and behavior monitoring to detect attempts to exploit race conditions or privilege escalation. 4. Conduct regular audits of user accounts and permissions to minimize the number of users with local access rights. 5. Employ network segmentation to isolate legacy systems and reduce the attack surface. 6. Monitor system logs and security events for anomalies indicative of privilege escalation attempts. 7. Educate IT staff and users about the risks of local privilege escalation vulnerabilities and the importance of timely patching. 8. Once Microsoft releases an official patch, deploy it promptly following testing in controlled environments.