VulnerabilityPublished 10 Jun 2025

CVE-2025-5975: PHPGurukul Rail Pass Management System · Cross-site Scripting

Affects PHPGurukul Rail Pass Management SystemSource CVE Database V5

Public exploit available · CVSS 5.3 Medium.

Data as of 26 Oct 2026, 10:12 UTC

CVSS 4.0 base score

5.3Medium

How severe the flaw is on the 0–10 CVSS scale.

EPSS: 0.4% chance of exploitation in 30 days – higher than 36% of CVEsExploit Prediction Scoring System: the likelihood attackers will use this flaw soon.

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P

Base metrics

Attack Vector: Network
Attack Complexity: Low
Attack Requirements: None
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: Passive
Vulnerable system confidentiality: None
Vulnerable system integrity: Low
Vulnerable system availability: None
Subsequent system confidentiality: None
Subsequent system integrity: None
Subsequent system availability: None

Threat metrics

Exploit Maturity: POC

Bold values are the worst case: easiest to exploit or largest impact.

Attack Vector: Network: The vulnerable system is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed below, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed “remotely exploitable” and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers).
Attack Complexity: Low: The attacker must take no measurable action to exploit the vulnerability. The attack requires no target-specific circumvention to exploit the vulnerability. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable system.
Attack Requirements: None: The successful attack does not depend on the deployment and execution conditions of the vulnerable system. The attacker can expect to be able to reach the vulnerability and execute the exploit under all or most instances of the vulnerability.
Privileges Required: None: The attacker is unauthorized prior to attack, and therefore does not require any access to settings or files of the vulnerable system to carry out an attack.
User Interaction: Passive: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability requires limited interaction by the targeted user with the vulnerable system and the attacker’s payload. These interactions would be considered involuntary and do not require that the user actively subvert protections built into the vulnerable system.
Vulnerable system confidentiality: None: There is no loss of confidentiality within the Vulnerable System.
Vulnerable system integrity: Low: Modification of data is possible, but the attacker does not have control over the consequence of a modification, or the amount of modification is limited. The data modification does not have a direct, serious impact to the Vulnerable System.
Vulnerable system availability: None: There is no impact to availability within the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system confidentiality: None: There is no loss of confidentiality within the Subsequent System or all confidentiality impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system integrity: None: There is no loss of integrity within the Subsequent System or all integrity impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system availability: None: There is no impact to availability within the Subsequent System or all availability impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Exploit Maturity: POC: Based on threat intelligence sources each of the following must apply: · Proof-of-concept is publicly available · No knowledge of reported attempts to exploit this vulnerability · No knowledge of publicly available solutions used to simplify attempts to exploit the vulnerability

Definitions: FIRST CVSS v4.0 specification.

Exploitation evidence

Disclosed: evidence found.
CVE published 10 Jun 2025
Detectable: no evidence on record.
No public nuclei template indexed
Weaponised: evidence found.
CVSS exploit maturity: proof of concept public
Exploited in the wildExploited: no evidence on record.
Not in CISA KEV and no source reports exploitation
Observed by OffSeq MirageSeen by Mirage: no evidence on record.
No attack traffic recorded by OffSeq Mirage sensors

A missing step is not evidence of safety. Sources: cve.org (opens in a new tab), CVSS vector, the Metasploit, Exploit-DB and nuclei-templates index as of 26 Oct 2026.

Disclosed: The CVE record is public on cve.org. Its publication is t = 0.
Detectable: A public nuclei template can find exposed instances, for defenders and attackers alike.
Weaponised: Public exploit code exists in Metasploit or Exploit-DB, or CISA SSVC or the CVSS exploit maturity reports a public proof of concept.
Exploited in the wild: CISA KEV lists it, CISA SSVC rates exploitation active, or a source reports attacks.
Observed by OffSeq Mirage: OffSeq Mirage honeypot sensors recorded attack traffic for this CVE, or found exposed hosts without attack traffic.

Moments are spaced evenly, not to scale; a dashed line marks a gap of six months or more. Deltas count from t = 0. Sources that give only a date (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, or a time of exactly 00:00Z) read “same day” rather than hours. Metasploit modules carry the flaw’s disclosure date, not their release date, and nuclei templates carry no date, so both appear above but not on the timeline.

What to do

Affected software

Product	Affected	Fixed in
PHPGurukul Rail Pass Management System	Affected =1.0	Fixed in–

AI-suggested

To mitigate this vulnerability, organizations should immediately implement proper input validation and output encoding for the 'searchdata' parameter in the /rpms/download-pass.php script. Specifically, all user-supplied input should be sanitized to neutralize HTML and JavaScript code before rendering it in the browser. Employing Content Security Policy (CSP) headers can further reduce the risk by restricting the execution of unauthorized scripts. Additionally, organizations should monitor web application logs for suspicious input patterns and consider implementing Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) with rules tailored to detect and block XSS attempts targeting this parameter. User education about phishing risks and encouraging the use of modern browsers with built-in XSS protections can also help reduce impact.

Description

A vulnerability, which was classified as problematic, was found in PHPGurukul Rail Pass Management System 1.0. This affects an unknown part of the file /rpms/download-pass.php. The manipulation of the argument searchdata leads to cross site scripting. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.

Impact

For European organizations, especially those involved in rail transportation or ticketing services that might use or integrate PHPGurukul's Rail Pass Management System, this vulnerability poses a risk to user data integrity and trust. Exploiting this XSS flaw could lead to theft of session cookies, enabling attackers to impersonate legitimate users and potentially access sensitive travel or personal information. This could result in reputational damage, regulatory scrutiny under GDPR due to compromised personal data, and operational disruptions if users lose confidence in the system's security. Additionally, attackers could use the vulnerability as a foothold to deliver further malware or phishing attacks targeting European customers. Although the direct impact on system availability is low, the indirect consequences such as loss of customer trust and potential legal penalties could be significant.

Summary

CVE-2025-5975 is a cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability identified in version 1.0 of the PHPGurukul Rail Pass Management System, specifically within the /rpms/download-pass.php file. The vulnerability arises due to improper sanitization or validation of the 'searchdata' parameter, which an attacker can manipulate to inject malicious scripts. This flaw allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary JavaScript code in the context of the affected web application without requiring authentication. The vulnerability has been publicly disclosed, although no known exploits are currently observed in the wild. The CVSS 4.0 base score is 5.3, indicating a medium severity level. The attack vector is network-based (AV:N), with low attack complexity (AC:L), no privileges required (PR:N), and no user interaction required (UI:P). The impact primarily affects the integrity of the client-side environment with limited impact on confidentiality and availability. The vulnerability can be leveraged to perform actions such as session hijacking, defacement, or redirecting users to malicious sites, potentially undermining user trust and the integrity of the rail pass management system.

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Exploitation evidence

What to do

Affected software

Description

AI analysisMachine-generated, updated 10 Jul 2025, 21:18 UTC

Technical details

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