CVE-2025-6030 is a critical vulnerability affecting the Autoeastern Cyclone Matrix TRF Smart Keyless Entry System, specifically the 2024 model year vehicles such as the KIA Soluto and other KIA models confirmed in Ecuador. The vulnerability arises from the use of fixed learning codes within the key fob transmitter: one code is used to lock the vehicle and another to unlock it. This static code scheme allows an attacker to perform a replay attack, where intercepted signals can be captured and retransmitted to gain unauthorized access to the vehicle. The weakness is classified under CWE-307 (Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts) and CWE-294 (Authentication Bypass by Capture-Replay), indicating that the system does not adequately limit authentication attempts and relies on fixed codes that can be reused by attackers. The CVSS 4.0 base score of 9.4 (critical) reflects the high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, with no privileges or user interaction required, and low attack complexity. The attack vector is adjacent network (wireless key fob communication), making exploitation feasible in proximity to the target vehicle. Although no known exploits are currently observed in the wild, the vulnerability poses a significant risk to vehicle security and owner safety, potentially allowing unauthorized vehicle entry, theft, or unauthorized use. The lack of patch availability further increases the urgency for mitigation and risk management.

For European organizations, especially automotive manufacturers, dealerships, fleet operators, and insurance companies, this vulnerability presents several risks. Unauthorized vehicle access can lead to theft, loss of assets, and increased insurance claims. For fleet operators, compromised vehicles can disrupt logistics and operations. The vulnerability undermines consumer trust in keyless entry systems and may lead to reputational damage for manufacturers using the affected technology. Additionally, the potential for replay attacks could be leveraged in coordinated criminal activities or targeted attacks against high-value vehicles or executives. The impact extends beyond individual vehicles to broader supply chain and operational risks, especially for companies relying on affected KIA models or similar keyless entry systems. Given the critical severity, organizations must prioritize detection and mitigation to prevent exploitation.

1. Immediate mitigation includes educating vehicle owners and fleet operators to park in secure, monitored locations to reduce proximity-based attacks. 2. Use Faraday pouches or signal-blocking cases for key fobs to prevent signal interception. 3. Automotive manufacturers should urgently develop and deploy firmware updates or hardware revisions that replace fixed learning codes with rolling code or challenge-response authentication mechanisms to prevent replay attacks. 4. Implement rate limiting and lockout mechanisms on the keyless entry system to restrict excessive authentication attempts, addressing CWE-307. 5. Conduct thorough security assessments of keyless entry systems across all affected models and integrate multi-factor authentication where feasible. 6. Collaborate with law enforcement and cybersecurity agencies to monitor for emerging exploits and share threat intelligence. 7. For fleet management, implement additional physical security controls and tracking to detect unauthorized vehicle use. 8. Insurance providers should adjust risk assessments and encourage policyholders to adopt recommended mitigations.