CVE-2025-60424 is a vulnerability identified in Nagios Fusion versions v2024R1.2 and v2024R2, specifically within the One-Time Password (OTP) verification component. The core issue is the absence of rate limiting on OTP verification attempts, which allows an attacker with low privileges to conduct brute-force attacks against the authentication mechanism. This vulnerability falls under CWE-307 (Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts) and CWE-287 (Improper Authentication). The lack of rate limiting means that an attacker can repeatedly attempt OTP codes without being throttled or blocked, increasing the likelihood of successfully bypassing the multi-factor authentication process. The CVSS v3.1 base score is 7.6, indicating a high severity level, with the attack vector being adjacent network (AV:A), low attack complexity (AC:L), requiring privileges (PR:L), no user interaction (UI:N), unchanged scope (S:U), and high impact on confidentiality and integrity (C:H/I:H) with low impact on availability (A:L). Exploiting this vulnerability would allow unauthorized access to Nagios Fusion, potentially exposing sensitive monitoring data or enabling attackers to manipulate monitoring configurations. Although no public exploits are currently known, the vulnerability's characteristics make it a significant risk, especially in environments where Nagios Fusion is used for critical infrastructure monitoring. The absence of official patches necessitates immediate mitigation through compensating controls.

For European organizations, this vulnerability poses a significant risk to the confidentiality and integrity of IT infrastructure monitoring data. Unauthorized access to Nagios Fusion could allow attackers to view sensitive operational data, manipulate monitoring alerts, or disable monitoring functions, potentially delaying detection of other attacks or system failures. This could lead to broader security incidents, operational disruptions, or compliance violations under regulations such as GDPR. The impact is particularly critical for sectors relying heavily on continuous monitoring, such as finance, telecommunications, energy, and government agencies. The ease of exploitation due to lack of rate limiting and no requirement for user interaction increases the threat level. Organizations with Nagios Fusion deployed in multi-tenant or segmented environments may face risks of lateral movement if attackers gain access through this vulnerability. The absence of known exploits in the wild provides a window for proactive defense, but the high severity score underscores the urgency of addressing the issue.

1. Immediately implement network segmentation to restrict access to the Nagios Fusion management interface to trusted administrative networks only. 2. Deploy intrusion detection and prevention systems (IDS/IPS) to monitor and alert on repeated OTP verification attempts indicative of brute-force attacks. 3. Enforce strong access control policies, including limiting the number of users with low privileges who can access the OTP verification component. 4. Use multi-factor authentication methods that include additional factors beyond OTP where possible, such as hardware tokens or biometric verification. 5. Monitor authentication logs closely for unusual patterns and implement automated blocking or alerting on suspicious activity. 6. Engage with Nagios support or vendor channels to obtain official patches or updates as soon as they become available. 7. Consider temporary disabling or restricting OTP verification features if feasible until patches are applied. 8. Educate IT staff on the risks and signs of exploitation related to this vulnerability to enhance detection and response capabilities.