CVE-2025-61044 is a command injection vulnerability identified in the TOTOLINK X18 router firmware version V9.1.0cu.2053_B20230309. The vulnerability exists in the setEasyMeshAgentCfg function, specifically through the agentName parameter. Command injection vulnerabilities allow an attacker to execute arbitrary commands on the underlying operating system with the privileges of the affected application. In this case, exploitation would likely allow an attacker to execute system-level commands on the router device remotely or locally, depending on the exposure of the vulnerable interface. The agentName parameter is presumably used to configure EasyMesh agent settings, and improper sanitization or validation of this input enables injection of malicious commands. No CVSS score has been assigned yet, and there are no known exploits in the wild as of the published date. The vulnerability was reserved and published in late September and early October 2025, indicating it is a recent discovery. TOTOLINK X18 is a consumer and small office/home office (SOHO) wireless router device, which may be deployed in various environments including enterprise branch offices and home networks. The lack of a patch link suggests that a fix may not yet be publicly available or announced. Without mitigation, attackers could leverage this vulnerability to gain control over the router, potentially intercepting or manipulating network traffic, deploying malware, or pivoting to internal networks.

For European organizations, this vulnerability poses a significant risk especially for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and home office users relying on TOTOLINK X18 routers. Successful exploitation could lead to full compromise of the router, resulting in loss of confidentiality and integrity of network communications. Attackers could intercept sensitive data, redirect traffic to malicious sites, or create persistent backdoors within the network infrastructure. This is particularly concerning for organizations handling personal data under GDPR regulations, as breaches could lead to regulatory penalties. Additionally, compromised routers could be used as launch points for further attacks against internal systems or as part of botnets for distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks. The impact extends to availability if attackers disrupt router functionality or network connectivity. Given the router’s role as a network gateway, the scope of impact can be broad, affecting all devices connected behind the vulnerable router. The absence of known exploits currently reduces immediate risk, but the potential for exploitation remains high once proof-of-concept or exploit code becomes available.

Organizations and users should immediately assess their network environments for the presence of TOTOLINK X18 routers running the vulnerable firmware version V9.1.0cu.2053_B20230309. Until an official patch is released, mitigation steps include disabling EasyMesh features if possible, restricting access to router management interfaces to trusted networks only, and implementing network segmentation to isolate vulnerable devices from critical assets. Monitoring network traffic for unusual command execution patterns or unexpected outbound connections from the router can help detect exploitation attempts. Users should subscribe to TOTOLINK security advisories for timely updates and apply firmware updates as soon as they become available. Additionally, consider replacing vulnerable devices with models from vendors with stronger security track records if patching is delayed. Employing network intrusion detection systems (NIDS) with signatures for command injection attempts targeting router management interfaces can provide early warning. Finally, enforcing strong authentication and using VPNs for remote management can reduce exposure.