CVE-2025-61045 is a command injection vulnerability identified in the TOTOLINK X18 router firmware version V9.1.0cu.2053_B20230309. The vulnerability exists in the setEasyMeshAgentCfg function, specifically via the 'mac' parameter. Command injection vulnerabilities allow an attacker to execute arbitrary system commands on the affected device by injecting malicious input into parameters that are not properly sanitized. In this case, the 'mac' parameter, which is likely intended to accept a MAC address or similar identifier, can be manipulated to execute unauthorized commands on the router's underlying operating system. This type of vulnerability is critical because routers are network infrastructure devices that manage traffic and security for connected devices. Exploiting this flaw could allow an attacker to gain control over the router, modify configurations, intercept or redirect network traffic, or use the device as a foothold for further attacks within the network. The vulnerability does not currently have a CVSS score, and no known exploits in the wild have been reported as of the published date. However, the nature of command injection vulnerabilities typically makes them highly exploitable if discovered by attackers. The lack of a patch link indicates that a fix may not yet be publicly available or disclosed. The TOTOLINK X18 is a consumer-grade Wi-Fi 6 router, and the firmware version affected is relatively recent, indicating that many users could be impacted if they have not updated or if no update is available. The setEasyMeshAgentCfg function suggests involvement with EasyMesh, a protocol for managing mesh Wi-Fi networks, which means that exploitation could affect mesh network configurations and potentially multiple devices connected through the mesh.

For European organizations, this vulnerability poses significant risks, especially for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and home office environments that rely on consumer-grade TOTOLINK routers for internet connectivity. Successful exploitation could lead to unauthorized access to internal networks, interception of sensitive data, disruption of network availability, and potential lateral movement to other critical systems. Given the increasing adoption of mesh Wi-Fi solutions in both residential and office settings, the impact could extend beyond a single device to compromise entire local networks. This could result in data breaches, loss of confidentiality, and operational disruptions. Additionally, compromised routers could be leveraged as part of botnets or for launching further attacks, amplifying the threat landscape. The absence of known exploits currently reduces immediate risk but does not eliminate the potential for future exploitation, especially as details become more widely known.

1. Immediate mitigation should focus on isolating affected TOTOLINK X18 routers from critical network segments until a patch is available. 2. Monitor network traffic for unusual activity originating from or directed to the router, including unexpected command executions or configuration changes. 3. Disable EasyMesh functionality if possible, or restrict access to the router's management interface to trusted IP addresses only. 4. Implement network segmentation to limit the impact of a compromised router on sensitive systems. 5. Regularly check TOTOLINK's official channels for firmware updates addressing this vulnerability and apply patches promptly once released. 6. Employ intrusion detection/prevention systems (IDS/IPS) tuned to detect command injection attempts or anomalous behavior related to router management interfaces. 7. Educate users about the risks of using default credentials and encourage strong, unique passwords for router administration. 8. Consider replacing vulnerable devices with enterprise-grade routers that have robust security support if patching is delayed or unavailable.