CVE-2025-6157 is a SQL Injection vulnerability identified in version 1.0 of the PHPGurukul Nipah Virus Testing Management System, specifically within the /registered-user-testing.php file. The vulnerability arises from improper sanitization or validation of the 'testtype' parameter, which is directly used in SQL queries. An attacker can remotely manipulate this parameter to inject malicious SQL code, potentially allowing unauthorized access to the backend database. This can lead to unauthorized data disclosure, data modification, or even deletion, depending on the database privileges. The vulnerability requires no authentication or user interaction, making it exploitable by any remote attacker with network access to the affected system. The CVSS 4.0 base score is 6.9 (medium severity), reflecting the network attack vector, low attack complexity, no privileges or user interaction required, and limited impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Although no known exploits are currently reported in the wild, the public disclosure of the exploit code increases the risk of exploitation. The affected product is a specialized management system used for Nipah virus testing, which likely handles sensitive health data related to infectious disease testing and patient information. The lack of available patches or updates further exacerbates the risk, as organizations using this system remain exposed until mitigations or fixes are applied.

For European organizations, particularly healthcare providers, public health agencies, and laboratories involved in infectious disease testing, this vulnerability poses a significant risk. Exploitation could lead to unauthorized access to sensitive patient data, including test results and personal health information, violating data protection regulations such as GDPR. Data integrity could be compromised, potentially leading to incorrect test results being recorded or reported, which can have severe public health consequences. Availability impacts, while limited, could disrupt testing workflows if database corruption or denial of service occurs. The remote and unauthenticated nature of the exploit increases the likelihood of attacks, especially in environments where the system is exposed to the internet or insufficiently segmented networks. Given the critical role of such systems in managing infectious disease outbreaks, exploitation could undermine public health responses and erode trust in healthcare infrastructure.

1. Immediate network-level controls: Restrict access to the Nipah Virus Testing Management System to trusted internal networks using firewalls and VPNs to prevent unauthorized external access. 2. Input validation and sanitization: Implement strict server-side validation and parameterized queries or prepared statements for all database interactions involving user-supplied input, particularly the 'testtype' parameter. 3. Application-layer firewall: Deploy a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with custom rules to detect and block SQL injection attempts targeting the vulnerable parameter. 4. Monitoring and logging: Enable detailed logging of database queries and web requests to detect anomalous activities indicative of exploitation attempts. 5. Segmentation: Isolate the testing management system within a dedicated network segment with limited access to other critical systems. 6. Patch management: Engage with the vendor (PHPGurukul) to obtain patches or updates; if unavailable, consider alternative secure solutions or temporary compensating controls. 7. Incident response readiness: Prepare to respond to potential data breaches by having forensic and remediation plans in place. 8. Regular security assessments: Conduct penetration testing and code reviews focusing on injection vulnerabilities to identify and remediate similar issues proactively.