CVE-2025-6161 is a vulnerability identified in SourceCodester Simple Food Ordering System version 1.0, specifically within the /editproduct.php file. The issue arises from improper handling of the 'photo' argument, which allows an attacker to perform unrestricted file uploads. This means that an attacker can upload arbitrary files, including potentially malicious scripts, without any authentication or user interaction. The vulnerability is remotely exploitable over the network, requiring no privileges or user interaction, which significantly lowers the barrier for exploitation. The CVSS 4.0 vector indicates network attack vector (AV:N), low attack complexity (AC:L), no privileges required (PR:N), no user interaction (UI:N), and partial impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability (VC:L, VI:L, VA:L). The exploit has been publicly disclosed, though no known active exploitation in the wild has been reported yet. Unrestricted file upload vulnerabilities are critical because they can lead to remote code execution, server compromise, data theft, or service disruption if exploited successfully. The lack of authentication and user interaction requirements increases the risk profile, especially in web-facing environments where this system is deployed. Given that the vulnerability affects a food ordering system, it is likely used by restaurants and food service providers, which may handle sensitive customer data and payment information, increasing the potential impact of a breach.

For European organizations, the impact of this vulnerability can be significant, especially for small to medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the food service sector that rely on the SourceCodester Simple Food Ordering System 1.0 or similar vulnerable versions. Exploitation could lead to unauthorized access to backend systems, data breaches involving customer personal and payment data, and potential disruption of ordering services. This could result in financial losses, reputational damage, and regulatory penalties under GDPR due to compromised personal data. Additionally, attackers could leverage the uploaded malicious files to pivot within the network, potentially impacting other connected systems. The availability of a public exploit increases the urgency for mitigation, as opportunistic attackers may target vulnerable deployments. Given the critical nature of food service operations, any downtime or data compromise could have cascading effects on supply chains and customer trust.

Immediately restrict file upload functionality in /editproduct.php by implementing strict server-side validation of uploaded files, including checking MIME types, file extensions, and file content signatures. Implement authentication and authorization checks to ensure only authorized users can upload or modify product photos. Deploy a web application firewall (WAF) with custom rules to detect and block suspicious file upload attempts targeting the vulnerable endpoint. Isolate the file upload directory with minimal permissions and disable execution rights to prevent execution of uploaded malicious scripts. Regularly monitor server logs for unusual upload activity or access patterns related to /editproduct.php. Apply patches or updates from the vendor as soon as they become available; if no official patch exists, consider replacing the vulnerable component or system with a secure alternative. Conduct a security audit of the entire web application to identify and remediate other potential vulnerabilities. Educate staff on the risks of using outdated software and the importance of timely updates and security best practices.