CVE-2025-61623 is a reflected cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability identified in Apache OFBiz, an open-source enterprise automation software used for ERP, CRM, and e-commerce solutions. The vulnerability is classified under CWE-79, indicating improper neutralization of input during web page generation. Specifically, the flaw allows an attacker to inject malicious JavaScript code into web pages viewed by other users. This occurs because user-supplied input is not properly sanitized or encoded before being included in the HTML output, enabling the execution of arbitrary scripts in the context of the victim's browser. The vulnerability affects all versions of Apache OFBiz prior to 24.09.03, which includes a wide range of deployments given the software's popularity in enterprise environments. Exploitation typically involves tricking a user into clicking a crafted URL or submitting malicious input that is reflected back in the server's response. The consequences of a successful attack include session hijacking, credential theft, defacement, or redirection to malicious websites. Although no active exploits have been reported in the wild, the vulnerability's nature and the widespread use of Apache OFBiz make it a significant risk. The Apache Software Foundation has addressed the issue in version 24.09.03 by implementing proper input validation and output encoding to prevent script injection. Organizations using affected versions are strongly advised to upgrade promptly to mitigate potential attacks.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2025-61623 can be substantial, especially for those relying on Apache OFBiz for critical business functions such as supply chain management, customer relationship management, and e-commerce platforms. Successful exploitation could lead to unauthorized access to sensitive information, including user credentials and business data, through session hijacking or credential theft. This can result in financial losses, reputational damage, and regulatory penalties under GDPR due to data breaches. Additionally, attackers could use the vulnerability to deliver malware or conduct phishing attacks by redirecting users to malicious sites. The reflected XSS nature means that the attack requires user interaction, but the ease of crafting malicious links makes phishing campaigns feasible. Given the interconnected nature of European supply chains and business ecosystems, a compromise in one organization could have cascading effects. The absence of known exploits currently provides a window for proactive mitigation, but the risk remains high due to the vulnerability's potential impact and the criticality of affected systems.

To mitigate CVE-2025-61623, European organizations should immediately upgrade Apache OFBiz to version 24.09.03 or later, where the vulnerability has been fixed. Beyond patching, organizations should implement strict input validation and output encoding on all user-supplied data to prevent script injection. Employ Content Security Policy (CSP) headers to restrict the execution of unauthorized scripts in browsers. Regularly audit web application logs and monitor for unusual URL patterns or user behavior indicative of attempted XSS attacks. Educate users about the risks of clicking on unsolicited links, especially those that appear in emails or external communications. Use web application firewalls (WAFs) configured to detect and block XSS attack patterns targeting Apache OFBiz endpoints. Conduct periodic security assessments and penetration testing focused on web application vulnerabilities. Finally, maintain an incident response plan that includes procedures for handling XSS incidents to minimize damage if exploitation occurs.