CVE-2025-61998: CWE-79 Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting') in OPEXUS FOIAXpress
OPEXUS FOIAXpress before 11.13.3.0 allows an administrative user to inject JavaScript or other content as a URL within the Technical Support Hyperlink Manager. Injected content is executed in the context of other users when they click the malicious link. Successful exploitation allows the administrative user to perform actions on behalf of the target, including stealing session cookies, user credentials, or sensitive data.
AI Analysis
Technical Summary
CVE-2025-61998 is a cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability classified under CWE-79, affecting OPEXUS FOIAXpress versions prior to 11.13.3.0. The vulnerability arises from improper neutralization of input during web page generation within the Technical Support Hyperlink Manager feature. Specifically, an administrative user can inject arbitrary JavaScript or other executable content as part of a URL. When other users click on the maliciously crafted hyperlink, the injected script executes in their browser context, effectively allowing the attacker to impersonate the victim user. This can lead to theft of session cookies, user credentials, or other sensitive information accessible within the victim's session. The CVSS 4.0 base score is 4.8 (medium severity), reflecting that exploitation requires administrative privileges and user interaction (clicking the link), but no authentication bypass is needed beyond that. The vulnerability does not affect system components beyond the web interface and does not require network-level access beyond normal user connectivity. No public exploits have been reported yet, but the presence of an administrative injection vector makes this a significant risk in environments where administrative accounts may be compromised or misused. The vulnerability is particularly concerning in environments where FOIAXpress is used to manage sensitive public information requests, as attackers could leverage this to escalate privileges or exfiltrate data from other users.
Potential Impact
For European organizations, especially those in government, public administration, or entities handling Freedom of Information requests, this vulnerability poses a risk of session hijacking and data theft. Attackers with administrative access could craft malicious links that, when clicked by other users, execute scripts to steal credentials or sensitive data, potentially leading to unauthorized access or data breaches. This could undermine trust in public information systems and expose personal or confidential data. The requirement for administrative privileges limits the risk to insider threats or compromised admin accounts, but the impact on confidentiality and integrity remains significant. Availability impact is limited but could occur if attackers perform unauthorized actions on behalf of users. Organizations relying on FOIAXpress for critical workflows may experience operational disruptions if exploited. The medium CVSS score reflects these factors, but the potential for lateral movement or privilege escalation within the organization elevates the concern.
Mitigation Recommendations
1. Immediately upgrade FOIAXpress to version 11.13.3.0 or later once available, as this will contain the official patch addressing the vulnerability. 2. Until patching is possible, restrict administrative access to the Technical Support Hyperlink Manager feature to only trusted personnel and monitor usage closely. 3. Implement strict input validation and output encoding on all user-supplied inputs, especially URLs, to prevent script injection. 4. Educate administrative users about the risks of injecting untrusted content and the importance of avoiding embedding executable scripts in hyperlinks. 5. Employ Content Security Policy (CSP) headers to restrict the execution of inline scripts and reduce the impact of XSS attacks. 6. Monitor logs and user activity for suspicious link creation or unusual administrative actions. 7. Use multi-factor authentication (MFA) for administrative accounts to reduce the risk of account compromise. 8. Conduct regular security audits and penetration testing focused on web interface vulnerabilities. 9. Consider network segmentation to limit access to the FOIAXpress administrative interface. 10. Prepare incident response plans to quickly address potential exploitation scenarios involving session hijacking or data exfiltration.
Affected Countries
United Kingdom, Germany, France, Netherlands, Belgium, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, Ireland
CVE-2025-61998: CWE-79 Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting') in OPEXUS FOIAXpress
Description
OPEXUS FOIAXpress before 11.13.3.0 allows an administrative user to inject JavaScript or other content as a URL within the Technical Support Hyperlink Manager. Injected content is executed in the context of other users when they click the malicious link. Successful exploitation allows the administrative user to perform actions on behalf of the target, including stealing session cookies, user credentials, or sensitive data.
AI-Powered Analysis
Technical Analysis
CVE-2025-61998 is a cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability classified under CWE-79, affecting OPEXUS FOIAXpress versions prior to 11.13.3.0. The vulnerability arises from improper neutralization of input during web page generation within the Technical Support Hyperlink Manager feature. Specifically, an administrative user can inject arbitrary JavaScript or other executable content as part of a URL. When other users click on the maliciously crafted hyperlink, the injected script executes in their browser context, effectively allowing the attacker to impersonate the victim user. This can lead to theft of session cookies, user credentials, or other sensitive information accessible within the victim's session. The CVSS 4.0 base score is 4.8 (medium severity), reflecting that exploitation requires administrative privileges and user interaction (clicking the link), but no authentication bypass is needed beyond that. The vulnerability does not affect system components beyond the web interface and does not require network-level access beyond normal user connectivity. No public exploits have been reported yet, but the presence of an administrative injection vector makes this a significant risk in environments where administrative accounts may be compromised or misused. The vulnerability is particularly concerning in environments where FOIAXpress is used to manage sensitive public information requests, as attackers could leverage this to escalate privileges or exfiltrate data from other users.
Potential Impact
For European organizations, especially those in government, public administration, or entities handling Freedom of Information requests, this vulnerability poses a risk of session hijacking and data theft. Attackers with administrative access could craft malicious links that, when clicked by other users, execute scripts to steal credentials or sensitive data, potentially leading to unauthorized access or data breaches. This could undermine trust in public information systems and expose personal or confidential data. The requirement for administrative privileges limits the risk to insider threats or compromised admin accounts, but the impact on confidentiality and integrity remains significant. Availability impact is limited but could occur if attackers perform unauthorized actions on behalf of users. Organizations relying on FOIAXpress for critical workflows may experience operational disruptions if exploited. The medium CVSS score reflects these factors, but the potential for lateral movement or privilege escalation within the organization elevates the concern.
Mitigation Recommendations
1. Immediately upgrade FOIAXpress to version 11.13.3.0 or later once available, as this will contain the official patch addressing the vulnerability. 2. Until patching is possible, restrict administrative access to the Technical Support Hyperlink Manager feature to only trusted personnel and monitor usage closely. 3. Implement strict input validation and output encoding on all user-supplied inputs, especially URLs, to prevent script injection. 4. Educate administrative users about the risks of injecting untrusted content and the importance of avoiding embedding executable scripts in hyperlinks. 5. Employ Content Security Policy (CSP) headers to restrict the execution of inline scripts and reduce the impact of XSS attacks. 6. Monitor logs and user activity for suspicious link creation or unusual administrative actions. 7. Use multi-factor authentication (MFA) for administrative accounts to reduce the risk of account compromise. 8. Conduct regular security audits and penetration testing focused on web interface vulnerabilities. 9. Consider network segmentation to limit access to the FOIAXpress administrative interface. 10. Prepare incident response plans to quickly address potential exploitation scenarios involving session hijacking or data exfiltration.
Affected Countries
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Technical Details
- Data Version
- 5.1
- Assigner Short Name
- cisa-cg
- Date Reserved
- 2025-10-07T14:14:09.854Z
- Cvss Version
- 4.0
- State
- PUBLISHED
Threat ID: 68e5a292a677756fc9a5a20d
Added to database: 10/7/2025, 11:30:26 PM
Last enriched: 10/7/2025, 11:45:37 PM
Last updated: 10/8/2025, 3:53:24 AM
Views: 4
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