CVE-2025-62177 identifies a critical SQL Injection vulnerability in the WeGIA open-source Web Manager for Institutions, primarily targeting Portuguese language users. The vulnerability exists in the id_funcionario parameter of the /html/funcionario/dependente_listar.php endpoint in versions prior to 3.5.1. SQL Injection (CWE-89) occurs due to improper neutralization of special elements in SQL commands, allowing attackers to inject malicious SQL statements. This can lead to unauthorized data access, data modification, or deletion, severely impacting the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the backend database. The CVSS 4.0 vector indicates the attack can be performed remotely over the network (AV:N) with low attack complexity (AC:L), no user interaction (UI:N), but requires high privileges (PR:H). The vulnerability does not require social engineering or user involvement, increasing its risk in environments where attackers have elevated access. Although no exploits are currently known in the wild, the vulnerability’s characteristics make it a significant risk for institutions relying on WeGIA. The fix was released in version 3.5.1, which properly sanitizes input parameters to prevent SQL Injection. The vulnerability’s presence in a web management system used by institutions means that exploitation could lead to broad data breaches or service disruptions.

For European organizations, the impact of this vulnerability can be substantial, especially for educational, governmental, or institutional entities using WeGIA. Exploitation could lead to unauthorized disclosure of sensitive personal or institutional data, data tampering, or denial of service through database corruption. This compromises compliance with GDPR and other data protection regulations, potentially resulting in legal penalties and reputational damage. The requirement for high privileges to exploit suggests that attackers may need to first compromise user credentials or escalate privileges, but once achieved, the attacker can fully manipulate the database. This could disrupt institutional operations, affect data integrity, and expose confidential information. Given the focus on Portuguese language users, organizations in Portugal and Spain with Portuguese-speaking communities are particularly vulnerable. The lack of known exploits in the wild provides a window for proactive mitigation before active attacks emerge.

1. Immediate upgrade to WeGIA version 3.5.1 or later to apply the official patch that addresses the SQL Injection vulnerability. 2. Implement strict input validation and parameterized queries or prepared statements in any custom code interacting with the id_funcionario parameter to prevent injection. 3. Restrict database user permissions to the minimum necessary, avoiding use of high-privilege accounts for web application database connections. 4. Conduct regular security audits and code reviews focusing on input handling and database interactions. 5. Monitor logs for unusual database queries or access patterns indicative of injection attempts. 6. Employ Web Application Firewalls (WAF) with rules targeting SQL Injection signatures to provide an additional layer of defense. 7. Educate administrators and developers about secure coding practices and the risks of SQL Injection. 8. Ensure robust authentication and access controls to limit the ability of attackers to gain the high privileges required for exploitation.