CVE-2025-62181 is a vulnerability classified under CWE-204 (Observable Response Discrepancy) affecting Pegasystems Pega Infinity versions 7.1.0 through 25.1.0. The flaw arises during the user authentication process when the deprecated basic-authentication feature is in use. Specifically, the system exhibits measurable differences in response times depending on whether a username exists or not. This timing discrepancy allows a remote, unauthenticated attacker to perform user enumeration by systematically probing usernames and analyzing response delays. User enumeration can be a precursor to more severe attacks such as brute force password attempts or social engineering. The vulnerability does not require any user interaction or authentication, making it accessible to any remote attacker. The issue is mitigated by using more secure authentication mechanisms, as basic authentication is deprecated starting with version 24.2. Pegasystems has addressed this vulnerability in patch releases 24.1.4, 24.2.4, and 25.1.1. No known exploits are currently reported in the wild. The CVSS v3.1 base score is 5.3, reflecting a medium severity level due to the limited impact on confidentiality (only username disclosure), no impact on integrity or availability, and ease of exploitation without privileges or user interaction.

For European organizations, the primary impact of CVE-2025-62181 is the potential disclosure of valid usernames through timing analysis during authentication attempts. While this does not directly compromise passwords or system integrity, it significantly aids attackers in crafting targeted attacks such as credential stuffing, phishing, or brute force password guessing. Organizations relying on Pega Infinity with basic authentication enabled may see increased risk of account compromise, especially if usernames are sensitive or linked to privileged accounts. This vulnerability could also facilitate reconnaissance efforts against critical infrastructure or sensitive business applications built on Pega Infinity. The impact is heightened in sectors where user identity confidentiality is critical, such as finance, healthcare, and government services. However, the absence of known exploits and the availability of patches reduce the immediate risk if organizations apply recommended updates and migrate away from basic authentication.

European organizations should prioritize upgrading Pega Infinity to the patched versions 24.1.4, 24.2.4, or 25.1.1 to remediate this vulnerability. If immediate upgrading is not feasible, disabling the deprecated basic-authentication feature is critical to prevent exploitation. Organizations should enforce the use of more secure authentication mechanisms supported by Pega Infinity, such as OAuth, SAML, or multi-factor authentication (MFA), to eliminate timing discrepancies exploitable by attackers. Additionally, implementing rate limiting and monitoring authentication endpoints for anomalous request patterns can help detect and mitigate user enumeration attempts. Security teams should audit their Pega Infinity deployments to identify any legacy configurations still using basic authentication and remediate accordingly. Finally, educating users about phishing risks and enforcing strong password policies will reduce the likelihood of successful attacks leveraging enumerated usernames.