CVE-2025-62239 is a cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability classified under CWE-79, found in the workflow process builder component of Liferay Portal versions 7.4.3.21 through 7.4.3.111 and Liferay DXP versions 2023.Q4.0 through 2023.Q4.5, 2023.Q3.1 through 2023.Q3.8, and 7.4 update 21 through update 92. The vulnerability arises from improper neutralization of input during web page generation, allowing remote attackers with authenticated high privileges to inject arbitrary HTML or JavaScript code via crafted inputs in workflow definitions. This flaw can be exploited when an authenticated user with sufficient privileges inputs malicious scripts that are then rendered in the web interface, potentially leading to session hijacking, privilege escalation, or unauthorized actions within the portal. The attack vector is network-based with low attack complexity, but requires high privileges and user interaction, limiting exploitation to insiders or compromised accounts. The vulnerability does not affect availability directly and has limited scope impact. No public exploits have been reported to date. The CVSS v4.0 score of 4.6 reflects these factors, indicating a medium severity level. The lack of available patches at the time of publication necessitates immediate attention to mitigation strategies.

For European organizations, this vulnerability poses a risk primarily to the confidentiality and integrity of data managed within Liferay Portal environments. Since Liferay is widely used for enterprise content management, intranet portals, and customer-facing websites, exploitation could lead to unauthorized disclosure of sensitive information, session hijacking, or manipulation of workflow processes. Organizations in sectors such as government, finance, healthcare, and telecommunications that rely on Liferay for critical internal or external services may face increased risk. The requirement for authenticated access and user interaction reduces the likelihood of widespread exploitation but raises concerns about insider threats or compromised privileged accounts. Additionally, successful exploitation could undermine trust in web applications and lead to compliance issues under GDPR if personal data is exposed. The absence of known exploits in the wild provides a window for proactive defense, but the medium severity indicates that timely remediation is important to prevent escalation.

European organizations should implement the following specific mitigation measures: 1) Immediately review and restrict access to the workflow process builder to only trusted, necessary users with high privileges. 2) Enforce strict input validation and sanitization on all user-supplied data within workflow definitions to prevent script injection. 3) Monitor and audit workflow changes and user activities for suspicious behavior indicative of exploitation attempts. 4) Apply the latest Liferay security updates as soon as patches become available; coordinate with Liferay support for timelines if patches are not yet released. 5) Employ web application firewalls (WAFs) with custom rules to detect and block typical XSS payloads targeting workflow components. 6) Educate privileged users about the risks of XSS and the importance of cautious input handling. 7) Implement multi-factor authentication (MFA) to reduce the risk of compromised credentials being used to exploit this vulnerability. 8) Regularly back up workflow configurations and portal data to enable recovery in case of compromise. These targeted actions go beyond generic advice by focusing on the specific attack vector and affected components.