CVE-2025-62369 is a remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability identified in the open-source digital signage platform xibo-cms, specifically in versions 4.3.0 and earlier. The flaw exists within the Module Templating functionality of the CMS Developer menu, which allows users with the 'System -> Add/Edit custom modules and templates' permission to manipulate Twig template filters. Twig is a templating engine used to generate dynamic content; improper sanitization or control of its filters can lead to code injection. This vulnerability is categorized under CWE-94 (Improper Control of Generation of Code) and CWE-1336, indicating that the system fails to properly restrict or validate code generation inputs. An authenticated user with the required permissions can craft malicious templates or modules that execute arbitrary PHP code on the server with the privileges of the web server user. This can lead to full system compromise, including data theft, service disruption, or pivoting within the network. The vulnerability does not require user interaction beyond authentication, but it does require elevated permissions, limiting exploitation to trusted or compromised users. The CVSS v3.1 base score is 7.2, reflecting high severity due to network attack vector, low attack complexity, and high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The issue was publicly disclosed on November 4, 2025, and fixed in version 4.3.1. Interim patches are available for versions 4.1 and 4.2. No public exploits have been reported yet, but the nature of the vulnerability makes it a critical risk for organizations relying on xibo-cms for digital signage management.

For European organizations, the impact of this vulnerability can be severe. Xibo-cms is used in various sectors including retail, transportation, education, and corporate environments for managing digital signage content. Successful exploitation could allow attackers to execute arbitrary code on CMS servers, potentially leading to data breaches, unauthorized access to internal networks, disruption of digital signage services, and reputational damage. Given that the vulnerability requires authenticated access with elevated permissions, insider threats or compromised credentials pose significant risks. The ability to execute code as the web server user could allow attackers to escalate privileges, move laterally within networks, or deploy ransomware. Disruption of digital signage could affect customer communications, safety messaging, or operational workflows, particularly in critical infrastructure or public spaces. The confidentiality of sensitive content managed by the CMS could also be compromised. Organizations with compliance obligations under GDPR must consider the data breach implications and reporting requirements. The lack of known exploits currently provides a window for remediation, but the high severity score indicates urgent patching is necessary to prevent potential attacks.

European organizations should immediately upgrade xibo-cms installations to version 4.3.1 or later to fully remediate the vulnerability. For environments where immediate upgrade is not feasible, apply the available patches for versions 4.1 and 4.2 as interim measures. Restrict the 'System -> Add/Edit custom modules and templates' permission to the minimum number of trusted administrators to reduce the attack surface. Implement strong authentication mechanisms, such as multi-factor authentication (MFA), for all users with elevated permissions to mitigate risks from credential compromise. Regularly audit user permissions and CMS logs to detect unauthorized access or suspicious template modifications. Employ network segmentation to isolate the CMS server from critical internal systems, limiting lateral movement if compromise occurs. Monitor for anomalous behavior indicative of code injection or unauthorized code execution. Backup CMS configurations and content regularly to enable recovery in case of compromise. Consider deploying web application firewalls (WAF) with custom rules to detect and block suspicious payloads targeting the templating functionality. Finally, maintain awareness of updates from the xibo-cms project and security advisories to respond promptly to any emerging threats or exploit disclosures.