CVE-2025-62468 is a security vulnerability classified as CWE-125 (Out-of-bounds Read) found in the Windows Defender Firewall Service component of Microsoft Windows Server 2025, specifically in Server Core installations version 10.0.26100.0. The flaw allows an authorized local attacker to read memory beyond the intended buffer boundaries, potentially disclosing sensitive information stored in adjacent memory areas. This vulnerability does not allow code execution or modification of data but compromises confidentiality by leaking information. The attack vector is local (AV:L), requiring low attack complexity (AC:L) and privileges (PR:L), but no user interaction (UI:N). The scope is unchanged (S:U), meaning the vulnerability affects only the vulnerable component without impacting other system components. The CVSS v3.1 base score is 5.5, indicating medium severity, with a high impact on confidentiality but no impact on integrity or availability. No known exploits are currently reported in the wild, and no patches have been published yet, though the vulnerability was reserved in October 2025 and published in December 2025. The Server Core installation is a minimalistic Windows Server deployment option commonly used in enterprise environments for improved security and reduced attack surface. The vulnerability could be leveraged by insiders or attackers with local access to extract sensitive information from the firewall service memory, potentially aiding further attacks or reconnaissance.

For European organizations, this vulnerability poses a risk of sensitive information disclosure within Windows Server 2025 Server Core environments. Since the flaw affects the Windows Defender Firewall Service, leaked information could include firewall configurations, network policies, or other security-related data, which could be exploited to bypass security controls or facilitate lateral movement within networks. Enterprises relying on Windows Server 2025 for critical infrastructure, cloud services, or data centers may face increased risk of insider threats or attacks from compromised local accounts. Although the vulnerability does not allow remote exploitation or code execution, the exposure of confidential data can undermine trust, compliance with data protection regulations such as GDPR, and overall security posture. The absence of a patch increases the window of exposure, necessitating immediate compensating controls. The impact is particularly significant for sectors with high security requirements such as finance, healthcare, and government institutions across Europe.

Until an official patch is released, European organizations should implement strict access control policies to limit local user accounts on Windows Server 2025 Server Core installations. Employ the principle of least privilege by ensuring users have only the minimum necessary permissions. Monitor and audit local access logs to detect unusual activity or attempts to access the Windows Defender Firewall Service. Consider isolating critical servers physically or via network segmentation to reduce the risk of unauthorized local access. Use endpoint detection and response (EDR) tools to identify suspicious behavior related to memory access patterns. If feasible, delay deployment of Windows Server 2025 Server Core in sensitive environments until a patch is available. Keep systems updated with the latest security advisories from Microsoft and apply patches promptly once released. Additionally, review firewall configurations and network policies to ensure no excessive permissions or exposures exist that could be exploited in conjunction with this vulnerability.