CVE-2025-6298 is a vulnerability identified in Axis Communications AB's AXIS OS version 12.0.0, specifically related to improper validation of input types in ACAP (Axis Camera Application Platform) applications. ACAP applications are designed to extend the functionality of Axis network devices, such as IP cameras and video encoders. The vulnerability arises because the OS does not correctly validate the type of input specified when installing or running ACAP applications, allowing a malicious ACAP app to gain elevated privileges on the device. This privilege escalation can compromise the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the device and potentially the broader network it is connected to. Exploitation requires two key conditions: the Axis device must be configured to allow installation of unsigned ACAP applications, and an attacker must convince or trick a user or administrator into installing a malicious ACAP application. No user interaction is required after installation for the privilege escalation to occur. The CVSS 3.1 base score is 6.7, reflecting a medium severity with local attack vector, low attack complexity, high privileges required, no user interaction, and high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. No patches or known exploits are currently available, but the vulnerability is publicly disclosed and should be addressed promptly. This vulnerability is categorized under CWE-1287, which relates to improper validation of specified input types, a common source of privilege escalation issues in embedded and IoT devices. Given the widespread use of Axis devices in security and surveillance, this vulnerability poses a significant risk if not mitigated.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2025-6298 can be substantial, especially for those relying on Axis network devices for security surveillance, access control, or critical infrastructure monitoring. Successful exploitation could allow attackers to gain elevated privileges on the device, enabling them to manipulate video feeds, disable security functions, or use the compromised device as a foothold for lateral movement within the network. This could lead to breaches of sensitive data, disruption of security operations, and potential physical security risks. The requirement for local access or convincing an administrator to install a malicious app limits remote exploitation but does not eliminate risk, particularly in environments with less stringent device management or insider threats. The absence of known exploits in the wild provides a window for proactive mitigation. However, failure to address this vulnerability could result in targeted attacks against high-value assets, especially in sectors like government, transportation, and critical infrastructure prevalent in Europe.

To mitigate CVE-2025-6298, European organizations should immediately audit their Axis device configurations to ensure that the installation of unsigned ACAP applications is disabled unless absolutely necessary. Organizations should enforce strict policies that only allow ACAP applications from trusted and verified sources. Device firmware and software should be kept up to date, and organizations should monitor Axis Communications advisories for patches addressing this vulnerability. Network segmentation should be employed to isolate Axis devices from critical network segments to limit potential lateral movement. Additionally, implement strong access controls and multi-factor authentication for device management interfaces to reduce the risk of unauthorized installation of malicious applications. Regularly review device logs for unusual activity related to ACAP application installations. Training and awareness programs for administrators should emphasize the risks of installing unsigned applications and the importance of verifying application sources. Finally, consider deploying endpoint detection and response (EDR) solutions capable of monitoring device behavior anomalies indicative of exploitation attempts.