CVE-2025-63529 identifies a session fixation vulnerability in the Blood Bank Management System version 1.0, specifically in the login.php script. The vulnerability arises because the application accepts and continues to use a session identifier supplied by an attacker prior to user authentication, rather than generating a new, unique session ID after the user logs in. This flaw allows an attacker to fixate a session ID by setting or predicting it before the victim logs in. Once the victim authenticates, the attacker can use the known session ID to hijack the authenticated session and gain unauthorized access to the victim's account. The vulnerability does not require any privileges or prior authentication and can be exploited remotely over the network. However, it requires user interaction, as the victim must log in using the attacker-supplied session ID. The CVSS 3.1 base score is 6.1, reflecting a medium severity level, with attack vector network, low attack complexity, no privileges required, and user interaction required. The impact affects confidentiality and integrity by allowing unauthorized access to user accounts, potentially exposing sensitive data or enabling unauthorized actions. No patches or known exploits are currently reported, indicating the vulnerability is newly disclosed or not yet widely exploited. The vulnerability highlights improper session management practices, specifically the failure to regenerate session identifiers upon authentication, which is a critical security best practice to prevent session fixation attacks.

For European organizations, particularly those in the healthcare sector using the Blood Bank Management System 1.0, this vulnerability poses a significant risk of unauthorized access to sensitive patient and donor information. Compromise of user accounts could lead to data breaches involving personal health information, violating GDPR and other data protection regulations, resulting in legal and financial penalties. Additionally, unauthorized access could disrupt blood bank operations, affecting availability and trust in critical healthcare services. The medium severity rating reflects that while exploitation requires user interaction, the potential confidentiality and integrity impacts are substantial. Organizations relying on this system may face reputational damage and operational challenges if attackers leverage this vulnerability to impersonate legitimate users or manipulate system data.

To mitigate CVE-2025-63529, organizations should immediately implement session management best practices by ensuring that the application regenerates a new, unique session identifier upon successful user authentication, invalidating any pre-existing session IDs. Developers should review and update the login.php code to enforce this behavior. Additionally, implement secure cookie attributes such as HttpOnly and Secure flags to protect session cookies from interception and cross-site scripting attacks. Employ strict session timeout policies and monitor session activity for anomalies indicative of session hijacking attempts. Conduct thorough security testing, including penetration testing focused on session management, to identify and remediate similar vulnerabilities. If possible, upgrade to a patched version of the Blood Bank Management System or apply vendor-provided fixes once available. Educate users about the risks of session fixation and encourage cautious behavior when clicking on links or using shared devices.