CVE-2025-63737 is a cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability identified in Xinhu Rainrock RockOA version 2.7.0, specifically within the urltestAction function located in the cliAction.php file. The vulnerability arises because the 'm' parameter passed to the task.php endpoint is not properly sanitized or encoded, allowing remote attackers to inject arbitrary web scripts or HTML content. This type of vulnerability falls under CWE-79, which is a common web application security flaw enabling attackers to execute malicious scripts in the context of a victim's browser. The attack vector is network-based (AV:N), requiring no privileges (PR:N), but it does require user interaction (UI:R), such as clicking a malicious link or visiting a crafted URL. The scope is changed (S:C), meaning the vulnerability can affect resources beyond the vulnerable component. The impact affects confidentiality and integrity (C:L/I:L) but not availability (A:N). Although no known exploits are currently reported in the wild, the vulnerability poses a risk of session hijacking, credential theft, or unauthorized actions performed on behalf of the user. The absence of published patches necessitates proactive mitigation by affected organizations. The CVSS v3.1 score of 6.1 reflects a medium severity level, balancing ease of exploitation with the requirement for user interaction and limited impact on availability.

For European organizations, exploitation of this XSS vulnerability could lead to unauthorized disclosure of sensitive information, such as session tokens or user credentials, compromising user accounts and internal systems. Attackers could leverage this to perform phishing attacks, escalate privileges, or move laterally within the network. Given that RockOA is an enterprise collaboration and office automation platform, compromised accounts could expose confidential business communications and documents. This risk is heightened in sectors with stringent data protection requirements, such as finance, healthcare, and government agencies. The vulnerability could also damage organizational reputation and lead to regulatory penalties under GDPR if personal data is exposed. While the vulnerability does not directly impact system availability, the indirect effects of compromised integrity and confidentiality can disrupt business operations and trust.

Organizations should implement strict input validation and output encoding on the 'm' parameter in the task.php endpoint to prevent script injection. Web application firewalls (WAFs) can be configured to detect and block suspicious payloads targeting this parameter. Until an official patch is released, administrators should monitor logs for unusual requests to task.php and educate users about the risks of clicking untrusted links. Employing Content Security Policy (CSP) headers can help mitigate the impact of injected scripts by restricting script execution sources. Regular security assessments and penetration testing should include checks for XSS vulnerabilities in RockOA deployments. Additionally, organizations should consider isolating RockOA instances and limiting access to trusted networks to reduce exposure. Prompt application of patches once available is critical.