CVE-2025-63739 is a vulnerability identified in the Xinhu Rainrock RockOA version 2.7.0, specifically within the phpinisaveAction function located in the webmain/system/cogini/coginiAction.php file. The flaw allows authenticated users to modify PHP configuration files by manipulating the 'a' parameter sent to the index.php endpoint. This vulnerability falls under CWE-284, indicating improper access control. Since the attacker must be authenticated, the attack surface is limited to users with some level of access, but no additional user interaction is required. The vulnerability could allow an attacker to alter PHP configurations, potentially enabling malicious code execution, privilege escalation, or disabling security features, thereby compromising system integrity. The CVSS v3.1 base score is 4.3, reflecting a medium severity with network attack vector, low attack complexity, and requiring privileges but no user interaction. No patches or exploits are currently publicly known, but the risk remains significant for organizations relying on this software. The vulnerability's exploitation could serve as a stepping stone for further attacks within the affected environment.

For European organizations, this vulnerability poses a risk primarily to the integrity of systems running Xinhu Rainrock RockOA 2.7.0. Unauthorized modification of PHP configuration files can lead to disabling security controls, enabling remote code execution, or privilege escalation. This could result in compromised internal applications, data manipulation, or lateral movement within networks. Organizations in sectors such as government, finance, or critical infrastructure using RockOA for internal workflows may face increased risk. Although confidentiality and availability impacts are not direct, the integrity compromise can cascade into broader security incidents. The requirement for authentication limits exposure but insider threats or compromised credentials could be leveraged by attackers. The absence of known exploits currently reduces immediate risk but does not eliminate it, especially as threat actors may develop exploits over time.

1. Restrict access to the RockOA application to trusted and verified users only, enforcing strong authentication mechanisms such as multi-factor authentication (MFA). 2. Monitor and audit changes to PHP configuration files and related system files to detect unauthorized modifications promptly. 3. Implement strict role-based access control (RBAC) within RockOA to limit the number of users with privileges capable of exploiting this vulnerability. 4. Network segmentation should be employed to isolate critical systems running RockOA from broader network access. 5. Apply vendor patches or updates as soon as they become available; in the absence of patches, consider temporary workarounds such as input validation or disabling vulnerable functionality if feasible. 6. Conduct regular security assessments and penetration tests focusing on authenticated user actions to identify potential exploitation paths. 7. Educate users about the risks of credential compromise and enforce strong password policies to reduce the likelihood of unauthorized access.