CVE-2025-63742 identifies a severe SQL Injection vulnerability in the Xinhu Rainrock RockOA 2.7.0 platform, specifically in the setwxqyAction function located in the webmain/task/api/loginAction.php file. This vulnerability arises from improper sanitization of user-supplied input parameters 'shouji' and 'userid', which are directly incorporated into SQL queries without adequate validation or parameterization. An attacker can exploit this flaw remotely without authentication or user interaction by crafting malicious input to manipulate the backend SQL queries. Successful exploitation enables attackers to retrieve highly sensitive information, including administrator account details, password hashes, and the underlying database structure, potentially facilitating further attacks such as privilege escalation or lateral movement. The vulnerability is classified under CWE-89 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command), and its CVSS v3.1 base score is 9.8, reflecting critical severity with network attack vector, low attack complexity, no privileges required, and full impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. No patches or official fixes have been published yet, and no known exploits are reported in the wild, but the exposure of critical data and ease of exploitation make this a high-priority threat.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2025-63742 is significant. Exploitation could lead to unauthorized disclosure of sensitive corporate data, including administrator credentials and password hashes, which can compromise entire systems and networks. This breach could result in loss of intellectual property, disruption of business operations, regulatory non-compliance (e.g., GDPR violations due to data leakage), and reputational damage. Given that RockOA is an office automation platform, it is likely integrated with critical business workflows, increasing the risk of operational disruption. Attackers gaining database structure knowledge could facilitate further targeted attacks or data manipulation, affecting data integrity and availability. The lack of authentication requirement and ease of exploitation heighten the risk of widespread attacks, especially in sectors with high data sensitivity such as finance, healthcare, and government institutions across Europe.

European organizations using Xinhu Rainrock RockOA 2.7.0 should immediately undertake the following mitigations: 1) Implement strict input validation and parameterized queries or prepared statements in the affected setwxqyAction function to prevent SQL Injection. 2) Apply web application firewalls (WAFs) with custom rules to detect and block malicious payloads targeting the 'shouji' and 'userid' parameters. 3) Conduct thorough code audits and penetration testing focused on SQL Injection vectors within the application. 4) Restrict database user permissions to the minimum necessary to limit the impact of potential exploitation. 5) Monitor logs for suspicious query patterns or repeated failed login attempts indicative of exploitation attempts. 6) Segregate the RockOA environment from critical infrastructure where feasible to contain potential breaches. 7) Engage with the vendor or community to obtain or develop patches and update to a secure version once available. 8) Educate developers and administrators about secure coding practices and the risks of unsanitized inputs.