CVE-2025-63948 identifies a SQL Injection vulnerability in phpMsAdmin version 2.2, located in the database_mode.php file. The vulnerability arises from improper sanitization of the 'dbname' parameter, which is directly incorporated into SQL queries without adequate validation or parameterization. An attacker with low privileges (PR:L) can remotely exploit this flaw over the network (AV:N) without requiring user interaction (UI:N). Exploitation allows execution of arbitrary SQL commands, potentially leading to unauthorized disclosure of sensitive database information or unauthorized modification of database contents, impacting confidentiality and integrity. The vulnerability does not affect availability (A:N). The CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N) indicates low attack complexity and no user interaction needed, but some authentication is required, which limits exposure. No patches or known exploits are currently available, suggesting organizations should monitor for updates and apply mitigations proactively. The vulnerability is classified under CWE-89 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command).

For European organizations, this vulnerability poses a moderate risk primarily to the confidentiality and integrity of database information managed via phpMsAdmin 2.2. Successful exploitation could lead to unauthorized data disclosure, potentially exposing sensitive personal or corporate data protected under GDPR, resulting in regulatory and reputational damage. Database manipulation could corrupt critical data, impacting business operations and decision-making. Since exploitation requires some level of authentication, insider threats or compromised credentials increase risk. Organizations relying on phpMsAdmin for database administration in sectors such as finance, healthcare, and government are particularly vulnerable. The absence of known exploits reduces immediate risk but does not eliminate the threat, especially as attackers may develop exploits once the vulnerability becomes widely known.

Organizations should immediately audit their use of phpMsAdmin and identify any instances of version 2.2 in their environment. Since no official patches are currently available, implement strict input validation and parameterized queries around the 'dbname' parameter if source code modification is feasible. Restrict access to phpMsAdmin interfaces to trusted networks and enforce strong authentication mechanisms, including multi-factor authentication, to reduce the risk of credential compromise. Monitor database logs for unusual query patterns indicative of SQL injection attempts. Employ web application firewalls (WAFs) with rules targeting SQL injection signatures specific to phpMsAdmin. Regularly update phpMsAdmin to newer versions once patches are released. Conduct security awareness training for administrators to recognize and report suspicious activity. Finally, ensure backups of critical databases are maintained to enable recovery in case of data manipulation.