CVE-2025-63994 identifies a critical security vulnerability in the RichFilemanager software, specifically version 2.7.6, within the /php/UploadHandler.php component. The vulnerability arises from insufficient validation or sanitization of uploaded files, allowing an attacker to upload arbitrary files, including malicious scripts. Once uploaded, these files can be executed on the server, leading to remote code execution (RCE). This type of vulnerability is particularly dangerous because it can provide attackers with full control over the affected server, enabling data theft, system manipulation, or pivoting to other network assets. The vulnerability does not currently have a CVSS score, nor are there known exploits in the wild, but the potential for exploitation is significant given the nature of arbitrary file uploads. RichFilemanager is a web-based file management tool used in various web applications to facilitate file uploads and management. The lack of patches or mitigation details increases the urgency for organizations to proactively secure their deployments. The vulnerability likely stems from inadequate checks on file extensions, MIME types, or content, allowing attackers to bypass restrictions and upload executable code. This flaw can be exploited remotely without authentication if the upload interface is publicly accessible, increasing the attack surface. The vulnerability was reserved in late October 2025 and published in November 2025, indicating recent discovery and disclosure.

For European organizations, this vulnerability poses a significant risk to any systems using RichFilemanager 2.7.6, especially those exposing file upload functionalities to external or untrusted users. Successful exploitation can lead to full system compromise, data breaches, disruption of services, and potential lateral movement within corporate networks. Confidential information stored on compromised servers can be exfiltrated, and attackers may deploy ransomware or other malware. The integrity of critical business applications relying on file management can be undermined, causing operational downtime and reputational damage. Sectors such as government, finance, healthcare, and critical infrastructure, which often use web-based file management tools, are particularly vulnerable. The absence of known exploits currently provides a window for mitigation, but the ease of exploitation and the critical nature of RCE vulnerabilities mean attackers may develop exploits rapidly. Additionally, regulatory compliance in Europe, including GDPR, mandates protection of personal data, and breaches resulting from this vulnerability could lead to significant fines and legal consequences.

European organizations should immediately audit their use of RichFilemanager, specifically checking for version 2.7.6 deployments. If possible, disable or restrict access to the /php/UploadHandler.php endpoint until a patch is available. Implement strict file upload controls, including whitelisting allowed file types, validating file contents beyond extensions, and enforcing size limits. Employ web application firewalls (WAFs) with rules to detect and block suspicious upload attempts or malicious payloads. Monitor logs for unusual file upload activity or execution of unexpected scripts. Segregate file upload directories from executable directories to prevent direct execution of uploaded files. Use security headers and sandboxing techniques to limit the impact of any successful uploads. Stay alert for official patches or advisories from RichFilemanager developers and apply updates promptly. Conduct penetration testing focused on file upload functionalities to identify similar weaknesses. Educate development and operations teams about secure file handling practices to prevent future vulnerabilities.