CVE-2025-63994 is an arbitrary file upload vulnerability identified in the /php/UploadHandler.php component of RichFilemanager version 2.7.6. This vulnerability allows attackers to upload maliciously crafted files without authentication or user interaction, leading to remote code execution on the affected server. The root cause is improper validation and sanitization of uploaded files, classified under CWE-434 (Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type). The vulnerability is remotely exploitable over the network (AV:N), requires no privileges (PR:N), and no user interaction (UI:N), making it highly accessible to attackers. Successful exploitation compromises confidentiality, integrity, and availability, allowing attackers to execute arbitrary code, potentially leading to full system compromise. Despite no current known exploits in the wild, the critical CVSS score of 9.8 reflects the high risk posed by this vulnerability. RichFilemanager is a web-based file management tool used in various enterprise and public sector environments, often integrated into web applications that handle file uploads. The lack of an official patch at the time of disclosure increases the urgency for organizations to implement interim mitigations. This vulnerability underscores the importance of secure file upload handling, including strict validation, whitelisting of file types, and sandboxing uploaded content.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2025-63994 can be severe, especially for those relying on RichFilemanager for file management in web applications. Exploitation can lead to unauthorized remote code execution, enabling attackers to steal sensitive data, disrupt services, or establish persistent footholds within networks. Critical sectors such as government agencies, financial institutions, healthcare providers, and critical infrastructure operators are particularly at risk due to the sensitive nature of their data and services. The vulnerability could facilitate ransomware deployment, data breaches, or espionage activities. Given the ease of exploitation and lack of required authentication, attackers can rapidly compromise vulnerable systems, potentially affecting business continuity and regulatory compliance under GDPR and other European data protection laws. The reputational damage and financial losses from such incidents could be substantial, emphasizing the need for swift action.

1. Immediately disable or restrict the file upload functionality in RichFilemanager until a patch is available. 2. Implement strict server-side validation and sanitization of all uploaded files, including enforcing file type whitelisting and checking file contents beyond extensions. 3. Use web application firewalls (WAF) to detect and block suspicious upload attempts targeting /php/UploadHandler.php. 4. Employ network segmentation to isolate systems running RichFilemanager from critical infrastructure and sensitive data stores. 5. Monitor logs and network traffic for unusual activities related to file uploads and execution of unexpected scripts. 6. Once available, promptly apply official patches or updates from RichFilemanager developers. 7. Consider deploying runtime application self-protection (RASP) tools to detect and prevent exploitation attempts in real-time. 8. Educate development and operations teams on secure file upload practices and the risks associated with arbitrary file upload vulnerabilities.