CVE-2025-6510 is a critical stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability identified in the Netgear EX6100 Wi-Fi range extender, specifically affecting firmware version 1.0.2.28_1.1.138. The vulnerability exists within the function sub_415EF8, where improper handling of input data leads to a stack buffer overflow condition. This flaw can be exploited remotely without requiring user interaction or prior authentication, as indicated by the CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/UI:N/PR:L). The vulnerability allows an attacker with low privileges to execute arbitrary code with high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, potentially leading to full device compromise. Although the affected product is no longer supported by the vendor, the exploit details have been publicly disclosed, increasing the risk of exploitation. No official patches or mitigations have been released by Netgear, and no known exploits are currently observed in the wild. The vulnerability scores an 8.7 on the CVSS 4.0 scale, reflecting its high severity and ease of exploitation. Given the nature of the device as a network extender, successful exploitation could allow attackers to pivot into internal networks, intercept or manipulate traffic, or disrupt network availability. The lack of vendor support means that affected devices remain vulnerable unless users take alternative protective measures.

For European organizations, the impact of this vulnerability can be significant, especially for small and medium enterprises or home office environments relying on Netgear EX6100 devices for network extension. Compromise of these devices could lead to unauthorized access to internal networks, data interception, or lateral movement by attackers. This is particularly concerning for organizations handling sensitive personal data under GDPR, as breaches could result in regulatory penalties and reputational damage. The vulnerability's remote exploitability without user interaction increases the risk of automated attacks. Additionally, since the device is no longer supported, organizations cannot rely on vendor patches, increasing the likelihood of prolonged exposure. In environments where these extenders are deployed in critical infrastructure or connected to corporate networks, the risk escalates to potential disruption of business operations and compromise of confidential communications.

Given the absence of vendor patches, European organizations should consider the following specific mitigations: 1) Immediate identification and inventory of all Netgear EX6100 devices running the vulnerable firmware version. 2) Where possible, decommission or replace affected devices with currently supported hardware that receives security updates. 3) If replacement is not immediately feasible, isolate the vulnerable devices on segmented network zones with strict firewall rules limiting inbound and outbound traffic to only necessary services. 4) Employ network intrusion detection/prevention systems (IDS/IPS) to monitor for anomalous traffic patterns indicative of exploitation attempts targeting this vulnerability. 5) Disable any unnecessary services or remote management interfaces on the affected devices to reduce the attack surface. 6) Regularly monitor threat intelligence feeds for any emerging exploits or mitigation tools related to CVE-2025-6510. 7) Educate IT staff about the risks associated with unsupported network equipment and enforce policies to avoid deployment of end-of-life devices in sensitive environments.