CVE-2025-6510 is a critical stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability identified in the Netgear EX6100 Wi-Fi range extender, specifically in firmware version 1.0.2.28_1.1.138. The vulnerability resides in the function sub_415EF8, where improper handling of input data leads to a stack buffer overflow condition. This type of vulnerability allows an attacker to overwrite the stack memory, potentially enabling arbitrary code execution or causing a denial of service (DoS) by crashing the device. The attack vector is remote, requiring no user interaction or authentication, which significantly increases the risk and ease of exploitation. The CVSS 4.0 score of 8.7 (high severity) reflects the vulnerability's potential to compromise confidentiality, integrity, and availability with low attack complexity and no privileges required. Although no known exploits have been observed in the wild yet, the public disclosure of the exploit code increases the likelihood of imminent attacks targeting vulnerable devices. The vulnerability affects a widely deployed consumer networking product used to extend Wi-Fi coverage, which is often deployed in home and small office environments, but may also be found in some enterprise edge scenarios. The absence of an official patch link suggests that remediation may currently rely on vendor updates or mitigations that have yet to be released or widely distributed.

For European organizations, the impact of this vulnerability can be significant, especially for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and home office setups that rely on Netgear EX6100 devices for network extension. Successful exploitation could lead to unauthorized remote code execution, allowing attackers to gain control over the device, intercept or manipulate network traffic, or pivot into internal networks. This compromises confidentiality and integrity of sensitive data and can disrupt business operations by causing network outages or degraded performance. Critical infrastructure sectors that use these devices for network connectivity may face operational disruptions. Additionally, the vulnerability could be leveraged as a foothold for broader attacks, including lateral movement within corporate networks or launching further attacks against connected systems. The lack of required authentication and user interaction lowers the barrier for attackers, increasing the risk of widespread exploitation across Europe. Organizations with limited IT security resources may be particularly vulnerable to exploitation and subsequent data breaches or service interruptions.

1. Immediate network segmentation: Isolate Netgear EX6100 devices from critical network segments to limit potential lateral movement if compromised. 2. Monitor network traffic for unusual activity originating from or targeting these devices, focusing on anomalous remote access attempts. 3. Disable any unnecessary remote management interfaces or services on the EX6100 to reduce the attack surface. 4. Implement strict firewall rules to restrict inbound traffic to the device, allowing only trusted IP addresses where feasible. 5. Regularly check for and apply firmware updates from Netgear as soon as patches addressing this vulnerability become available. 6. Consider replacing vulnerable devices with models confirmed to be unaffected or with better security track records if patches are delayed. 7. Employ intrusion detection/prevention systems (IDS/IPS) tuned to detect exploitation attempts targeting this specific vulnerability. 8. Educate IT staff and users about the risks associated with this device and encourage reporting of any network anomalies. These steps go beyond generic advice by focusing on network architecture adjustments, active monitoring, and proactive device management tailored to this vulnerability's characteristics.