Threat Hunting Introduction: Cobalt Strike

Source: https://rushter.com/blog/threat-hunting-cobalt-strike/

Cobalt Strike is a commercially available penetration testing tool that has become widely adopted by both legitimate security professionals and malicious threat actors. It provides a comprehensive framework for adversary simulation, including capabilities such as command and control (C2) infrastructure, payload generation, post-exploitation modules, lateral movement, privilege escalation, and persistence mechanisms. While originally designed for red team operations, Cobalt Strike has been increasingly weaponized by cybercriminals and advanced persistent threat (APT) groups to conduct sophisticated attacks, including ransomware deployment, data exfiltration, and network compromise. The tool’s modular architecture allows attackers to customize payloads and evade detection by security solutions. Threat hunting efforts focusing on Cobalt Strike involve identifying indicators of compromise (IOCs) such as beacon traffic patterns, unusual process behaviors, and artifacts left by its payloads. The referenced source is a recent introductory guide on threat hunting techniques specific to Cobalt Strike, highlighting its relevance in current cybersecurity operations. Although no specific affected versions or exploits are detailed, the medium severity rating reflects the tool’s potential misuse rather than a direct vulnerability. The lack of known exploits in the wild indicates that this is more an awareness and detection topic than an active zero-day threat. Overall, Cobalt Strike remains a critical tool in the threat landscape, necessitating proactive detection and response strategies.

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Threat Hunting Introduction: Cobalt Strike

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A vulnerability was found in Netgear EX6100 1.0.2.28_1.1.138. It has been rated as critical. Affected by this issue is the function sub_415EF8. The manipulation leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.

CVE-2025-6510 is a critical stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability identified in the Netgear EX6100 Wi-Fi range extender, specifically in firmware version 1.0.2.28_1.1.138. The vulnerability resides in the function sub_415EF8, where improper handling of input data leads to a stack buffer overflow condition. This type of vulnerability allows an attacker to overwrite the stack memory, potentially enabling arbitrary code execution or causing a denial of service (DoS) by crashing the device. The attack vector is remote, requiring no user interaction or authentication, which significantly increases the risk and ease of exploitation. The CVSS 4.0 score of 8.7 (high severity) reflects the vulnerability's potential to compromise confidentiality, integrity, and availability with low attack complexity and no privileges required. Although no known exploits have been observed in the wild yet, the public disclosure of the exploit code increases the likelihood of imminent attacks targeting vulnerable devices. The vulnerability affects a widely deployed consumer networking product used to extend Wi-Fi coverage, which is often deployed in home and small office environments, but may also be found in some enterprise edge scenarios. The absence of an official patch link suggests that remediation may currently rely on vendor updates or mitigations that have yet to be released or widely distributed.

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Detailed information about CVE-2025-6510: Stack-based Buffer Overflow in Netgear EX6100 affecting Netgear EX6100. Get real-time updates, technical details, and 

CVE-2025-6510: Stack-based Buffer Overflow in Netgear EX6100 - Live Threat Intelligence - Threat Radar | OffSeq.com

CVE-2025-6510: Stack-based Buffer Overflow in Netgear EX6100

After discovering that the haveibeenpwned.com data is accessible via the API and noticing the lack of a visualization tool, I dedicated a few evenings to building haveibeenpwned.watch. This single-page website processes and presents data on leaks from Have I Been Pwned, with daily updates.

The site provides details on the total number of recorded breaches, the number of unique services affected, and the total accounts compromised. Charts break down the data by year, showing the number of breach

The threat revolves around the creation and operation of haveibeenpwned.watch, an open-source, single-page web application that visualizes data from the haveibeenpwned.com API. Have I Been Pwned (HIBP) is a well-known service that aggregates data from numerous publicly disclosed data breaches, allowing users to check if their accounts have been compromised. The new site, haveibeenpwned.watch, processes and presents breach data with daily updates, providing charts and statistics such as total breaches, unique services affected, and total compromised accounts, broken down by year. While the site itself is not a breach or exploit, it leverages publicly accessible breach data to enhance visibility and awareness of compromised accounts. The technical details indicate the source of information is a Reddit NetSec post with minimal discussion and a low Reddit score, suggesting limited immediate community engagement. The tags include terms like 'rce' and 'compromised,' but there is no direct evidence that haveibeenpwned.watch introduces new vulnerabilities or exploits. No affected software versions or patches are listed, and no known exploits are reported in the wild. The site is not from a trusted domain, which could raise concerns about data integrity or potential misinformation, but no direct malicious activity is indicated. Overall, this is a visualization tool that increases transparency around breach data but does not itself represent a new breach or vulnerability. The medium severity rating likely reflects the sensitivity of the underlying data being visualized rather than a direct technical threat from the site itself.

Detailed information about haveibeenpwned.watch - Open-source, no-fluff charts showcasing haveibeenpwned.com's pwned account data. Get real-time updates, techni

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haveibeenpwned.watch - Open-source, no-fluff charts showcasing haveibeenpwned.com's pwned account data

Reddit Discussion: haveibeenpwned.watch - Open-source, no-fluff charts showcasing haveibeenpwned.com's pwned account data

A vulnerability was found in seaswalker spring-analysis up to 4379cce848af96997a9d7ef91d594aa129be8d71. It has been declared as problematic. Affected by this vulnerability is the function echo of the file /src/main/java/controller/SimpleController.java. The manipulation of the argument Name leads to cross site scripting. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. This product takes the approach of rolling releases to provide continious delivery. Therefore, version details for affected and updated releases are not available.

CVE-2025-6509 is a cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability identified in the seaswalker spring-analysis product, specifically affecting the function 'echo' within the file /src/main/java/controller/SimpleController.java. The vulnerability arises from improper sanitization or validation of the 'Name' argument, which an attacker can manipulate to inject malicious scripts. This flaw allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary JavaScript in the context of the victim's browser when they visit a crafted URL or interact with the vulnerable application. The product follows a rolling release model, which complicates precise version tracking, but the affected commit hash is 4379cce848af96997a9d7ef91d594aa129be8d71. The vulnerability has been publicly disclosed, though no known exploits have been observed in the wild to date. According to the CVSS 4.0 vector, the vulnerability is remotely exploitable without authentication (AV:N, PR:L), requires low attack complexity (AC:L), and user interaction (UI:P). The impact on confidentiality is none, integrity is low, and availability is none, resulting in an overall medium severity with a CVSS score of 5.1. The vulnerability primarily threatens the integrity of user sessions and data by enabling script injection, which can lead to session hijacking, phishing, or defacement attacks if exploited successfully.

Detailed information about CVE-2025-6509: Cross Site Scripting in seaswalker spring-analysis affecting seaswalker spring-analysis. Get real-time updates, techni

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CVE-2025-6509: Cross Site Scripting in seaswalker spring-analysis

A vulnerability classified as critical has been found in Netgear EX6150 1.0.0.46_1.0.76. This affects the function sub_410090. The manipulation leads to stack-based buffer overflow. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.

Detailed information about CVE-2025-6511: Stack-based Buffer Overflow in Netgear EX6150 affecting Netgear EX6150. Get real-time updates, technical details, and 

CVE-2025-6511: Stack-based Buffer Overflow in Netgear EX6150

CVE-2025-6511: Stack-based Buffer Overflow in Netgear EX6150

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