CVE-2025-6552 is an open redirect vulnerability identified in version 1.0.0 of the java-aodeng Hope-Boot framework, specifically within the doLogin function of the WebController.java source file. The vulnerability arises due to improper validation or sanitization of the redirect_url parameter, which is used to redirect users after login. An attacker can manipulate this parameter to redirect users to arbitrary external URLs. This type of vulnerability is classified as an open redirect, which can be exploited remotely without requiring authentication. The vulnerability does not directly compromise system confidentiality, integrity, or availability but can be leveraged as part of phishing attacks, social engineering, or to bypass security controls such as same-origin policy or content security policies. The CVSS 4.0 base score is 5.3 (medium severity), reflecting the ease of exploitation (network accessible, no privileges required), the need for user interaction (victim must click a crafted link), and limited impact on confidentiality and integrity. The vendor was notified but did not respond, and no official patch or mitigation has been published. Public exploit details have been disclosed, increasing the risk of exploitation in the wild, although no active exploitation has been reported yet. The vulnerability affects only version 1.0.0 of Hope-Boot, a Java-based web framework, which may be used in enterprise web applications for authentication and session management.

For European organizations using the java-aodeng Hope-Boot 1.0.0 framework, this open redirect vulnerability poses a moderate risk primarily related to user trust and phishing. Attackers can craft malicious URLs that appear to originate from legitimate corporate domains, potentially tricking users into divulging credentials or sensitive information. This can lead to credential theft, unauthorized access, or further exploitation through chained attacks. While the vulnerability does not allow direct system compromise, it undermines the integrity of user sessions and can facilitate social engineering attacks. Organizations in sectors with high regulatory scrutiny (e.g., finance, healthcare, government) may face reputational damage and compliance issues if users are compromised via this vector. Additionally, open redirects can be used to bypass web filters and security controls, increasing the attack surface. The lack of vendor response and absence of patches means organizations must proactively implement mitigations. The impact is heightened in environments where Hope-Boot is used for critical authentication workflows or where users are less security-aware.

Implement strict validation and sanitization of the redirect_url parameter to allow only whitelisted internal URLs or relative paths. Reject or ignore any URLs that do not conform to the whitelist. Use a fixed set of redirect destinations encoded as tokens or identifiers instead of accepting arbitrary URLs from user input. Employ Content Security Policy (CSP) headers to restrict navigation and framing to trusted domains, reducing the risk of malicious redirects. Educate users and employees about the risks of clicking on unexpected or suspicious links, especially those that appear to redirect through legitimate corporate domains. Monitor web server logs for unusual redirect_url parameter values and anomalous redirect patterns that may indicate exploitation attempts. If possible, upgrade or migrate away from Hope-Boot 1.0.0 to a version or alternative framework that addresses this vulnerability once available. Implement multi-factor authentication (MFA) to reduce the impact of credential theft resulting from phishing attacks leveraging this vulnerability. Consider deploying web application firewalls (WAFs) with custom rules to detect and block suspicious redirect_url parameter usage.