CVE-2025-66497 is a memory corruption vulnerability classified as CWE-125 (Out-of-bounds Read) found in Foxit PDF Reader, specifically in the component that handles 3D annotations via PRC data parsing. The vulnerability arises from insufficient bounds checking when parsing PRC content embedded within PDF files. PRC (Product Representation Compact) is a 3D data format used in PDFs to embed 3D models and annotations. When a user opens a PDF containing malformed or specially crafted PRC data, the application may perform out-of-bounds memory reads, leading to memory corruption. This can cause the application to crash or potentially leak sensitive information from memory. The vulnerability affects multiple versions of Foxit PDF Reader, including versions 13.2.1 and earlier, 14.0.1 and earlier, and 2025.2.1 and earlier. The CVSS v3.1 base score is 5.3, indicating medium severity, with the vector indicating local attack vector (AV:L), low attack complexity (AC:L), no privileges required (PR:N), user interaction required (UI:R), unchanged scope (S:U), and low impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability (C:L/I:L/A:L). No public exploits have been reported yet. The vulnerability requires that a user open a malicious PDF file, which means social engineering or targeted delivery is necessary for exploitation. The root cause is improper validation of PRC data boundaries during parsing, which leads to reading memory outside the intended buffer. This flaw could be leveraged by attackers to cause application crashes (denial of service) or potentially extract sensitive information from memory, depending on the exploitation technique. Since Foxit PDF Reader is widely used in enterprise and government environments for PDF handling, this vulnerability poses a risk to users who open untrusted or malicious PDF documents containing 3D annotations. The lack of an available patch at the time of reporting means users must rely on mitigations until an update is released.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2025-66497 primarily involves potential information disclosure and application instability. Organizations that frequently handle PDFs with embedded 3D content, such as engineering firms, design companies, and government agencies, may be at higher risk. Exploitation could allow attackers to read sensitive memory contents or cause denial of service by crashing the PDF reader application. This could disrupt workflows, lead to data leakage, or be used as a foothold for further attacks if combined with other vulnerabilities. The requirement for user interaction (opening a malicious PDF) means phishing or targeted document delivery campaigns are likely attack vectors. Given the widespread use of Foxit PDF Reader in Europe, especially in sectors with high document exchange, this vulnerability could affect confidentiality and availability of critical information. However, the medium CVSS score and lack of known exploits suggest the immediate risk is moderate but should not be ignored. Organizations with strict data protection requirements under GDPR must consider the potential for data leakage and ensure timely mitigation to avoid compliance issues.

1. Until a patch is released by Foxit Software, disable or restrict the use of 3D annotations and PRC content rendering in Foxit PDF Reader via application settings or group policies if available. 2. Implement strict email and document filtering to block or flag PDFs containing 3D annotations or suspicious embedded content. 3. Educate users to avoid opening PDFs from untrusted or unknown sources, especially those that prompt for 3D content rendering. 4. Use endpoint protection solutions capable of detecting anomalous behavior or crashes related to PDF reader processes. 5. Monitor logs and alerts for unusual application crashes or memory access violations in Foxit PDF Reader instances. 6. Consider deploying alternative PDF readers without 3D annotation support in high-risk environments until the vulnerability is patched. 7. Once a patch is available, prioritize its deployment across all affected systems. 8. Employ network segmentation and least privilege principles to limit the impact if exploitation occurs. 9. Regularly update threat intelligence feeds to detect any emerging exploits targeting this vulnerability.