CVE-2025-68165VulnerabilityPublished 16 Dec 2025

CVE-2025-68165: JetBrains TeamCity · Cross-site Scripting

Affects JetBrains TeamCitySource CVE Database V5

Not known to be exploited · CVSS 5.4 Medium.

Data as of 26 Oct 2026, 06:26 UTC

CVSS 3.1 base score

5.4Medium

How severe the flaw is on the 0–10 CVSS scale.

EPSS: 4.2% chance of exploitation in 30 days – higher than 90% of CVEsExploit Prediction Scoring System: the likelihood attackers will use this flaw soon.

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N

Attack Vector: Network
Attack Complexity: Low
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: Required
Scope: Unchanged
Confidentiality: Low
Integrity: Low
Availability: None

Bold values are the worst case: easiest to exploit or largest impact.

Attack Vector: Network: The vulnerable component is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed 'remotely exploitable' and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers).
Attack Complexity: Low: Specialized access conditions or extenuating circumstances do not exist. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable component.
Privileges Required: None: The attacker is unauthorized prior to attack, and therefore does not require any access to settings or files to carry out an attack.
User Interaction: Required: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability requires a user to take some action before the vulnerability can be exploited.
Scope: Unchanged: An exploited vulnerability can only affect resources managed by the same security authority. In this case, the vulnerable component and the impacted component are either the same, or both are managed by the same security authority.
Confidentiality: Low: There is some loss of confidentiality. Access to some restricted information is obtained, but the attacker does not have control over what information is obtained, or the amount or kind of loss is limited. The information disclosure does not cause a direct, serious loss to the impacted component.
Integrity: Low: Modification of data is possible, but the attacker does not have control over the consequence of a modification, or the amount of modification is limited. The data modification does not have a direct, serious impact on the impacted component.
Availability: None: There is no impact to availability within the impacted component.

Definitions: FIRST CVSS v3.1 specification.

Exploitation evidence

Disclosed: evidence found.
CVE published 16 Dec 2025
Detectable: no evidence on record.
No public nuclei template indexed
Weaponised: no evidence on record.
No public exploit code indexed in Metasploit or Exploit-DB
Exploited in the wildExploited: no evidence on record.
Not in CISA KEV and no source reports exploitation
Observed by OffSeq MirageSeen by Mirage: no evidence on record.
No attack traffic recorded by OffSeq Mirage sensors

A missing step is not evidence of safety. Sources: cve.org (opens in a new tab), the Metasploit, Exploit-DB and nuclei-templates index as of 2026-10-26.

Disclosed: The CVE record is public on cve.org. Its publication is t = 0.
Detectable: A public nuclei template can find exposed instances, for defenders and attackers alike.
Weaponised: Public exploit code exists in Metasploit or Exploit-DB, or CISA SSVC reports a public proof of concept.
Exploited in the wild: CISA KEV lists it, CISA SSVC rates exploitation active, or a source reports attacks.
Observed by OffSeq Mirage: OffSeq Mirage honeypot sensors recorded attack traffic for this CVE, or found exposed hosts without attack traffic.

Moments are spaced evenly, not to scale; a dashed line marks a gap of six months or more. Deltas count from t = 0. Sources that give only a date (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, or a time of exactly 00:00Z) read “same day” rather than hours. Metasploit modules carry the flaw’s disclosure date, not their release date, and nuclei templates carry no date, so both appear above but not on the timeline.

What to do

Affected software

Product	Affected	Fixed in
JetBrains TeamCity	Affected =0	Fixed in–

AI-suggested

1. Apply official patches from JetBrains as soon as they are released for TeamCity 2025.11 or later versions addressing this vulnerability. 2. Until patches are available, restrict access to the TeamCity web interface to trusted networks and authenticated users only, minimizing exposure to untrusted actors. 3. Implement Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules to detect and block reflected XSS attack patterns targeting the VCS Root setup endpoints. 4. Enforce strict Content Security Policy (CSP) headers to limit the execution of unauthorized scripts in browsers accessing TeamCity. 5. Educate developers and DevOps staff about the risks of clicking on suspicious links related to TeamCity and encourage cautious handling of URLs received via email or chat. 6. Conduct regular security assessments and code reviews of custom TeamCity plugins or integrations that might exacerbate XSS risks. 7. Monitor logs and user activity for unusual access patterns or repeated failed attempts to exploit the vulnerability. 8. Consider network segmentation to isolate CI/CD infrastructure from general user networks to reduce the attack surface.

Description

CVE-2025-68165 is a reflected Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability in JetBrains TeamCity versions prior to 2025.11, specifically affecting the VCS Root setup interface. This vulnerability allows an unauthenticated attacker to inject malicious scripts that execute in the context of a victim's browser when they interact with the vulnerable page, requiring user interaction but no privileges. The CVSS score is 5.4 (medium severity), reflecting limited confidentiality and integrity impact without affecting availability. No known exploits are currently in the wild, and no patches have been linked yet. European organizations using TeamCity for continuous integration and deployment may face risks of session hijacking, credential theft, or further exploitation via this vulnerability. Mitigation involves applying vendor patches once available, implementing strict input validation and output encoding on VCS Root setup parameters, and restricting access to TeamCity interfaces. Countries with significant software development sectors and high adoption of JetBrains products, such as Germany, France, and the UK, are most likely to be affected. Given the medium severity and the requirement for user interaction, defenders should prioritize monitoring and timely patching to reduce exposure.

Impact

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2025-68165 can be significant in environments relying heavily on JetBrains TeamCity for software development and deployment. Exploitation could lead to theft of authentication tokens, unauthorized actions within the TeamCity interface, and potential injection of malicious code into build pipelines. This compromises the integrity of the software supply chain and could facilitate further attacks such as malware insertion or data exfiltration. Confidentiality breaches may expose sensitive project information or credentials. Although availability is not directly impacted, the indirect consequences of compromised CI/CD systems can disrupt development workflows and delay critical software releases. Organizations in sectors with stringent compliance requirements (e.g., finance, healthcare, critical infrastructure) may face regulatory and reputational risks if such vulnerabilities are exploited. The requirement for user interaction somewhat limits automated exploitation but does not eliminate risk, especially in phishing or social engineering scenarios targeting developers.

Summary

CVE-2025-68165 is a reflected Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability identified in JetBrains TeamCity, a widely used continuous integration and deployment server. The flaw exists in the VCS Root setup component prior to version 2025.11, where user-supplied input is improperly sanitized and reflected back in HTTP responses. This allows an attacker to craft malicious URLs or payloads that, when visited by a legitimate user with access to the TeamCity interface, execute arbitrary JavaScript in the victim's browser context. The vulnerability does not require authentication (PR:N), has low attack complexity (AC:L), and requires user interaction (UI:R). The impact is limited to confidentiality and integrity, as attackers can potentially steal session cookies, perform actions on behalf of the user, or manipulate displayed data, but it does not affect system availability. The CVSS 3.1 base score is 5.4, indicating a medium severity level. No public exploits or patches are currently reported, but the vulnerability is officially published and assigned by JetBrains. The reflected XSS in a CI/CD tool like TeamCity could be leveraged in targeted attacks against developers or DevOps personnel, potentially leading to broader compromise if attackers escalate privileges or move laterally within networks.

CWE-79Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting') (opens in a new tab)
Base weaknessLikelihood of exploit: HighCWE Top 25 (2025): #1OWASP Top 10 A05:2025: Injection (opens in a new tab)
The product does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes user-controllable input before it is placed in output that is used as a web page that is served to other users.
Architecture and Design · Libraries or Frameworks
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
Implementation · Architecture and Design
Understand the context in which your data will be used and the encoding that will be expected. This is especially important when transmitting data between different components, or when generating outputs that can contain multiple encodings at the same time, such as web pages or multi-part mail messages.
Architecture and Design · Implementation · Attack Surface Reduction
Understand all the potential areas where untrusted inputs can enter your software: parameters or arguments, cookies, anything read from the network, environment variables, reverse DNS lookups, query results, request headers, URL components, e-mail, files, filenames, databases, and any external systems that provide…
OWASP Cheat Sheets
Cross Site Scripting Prevention (opens in a new tab)
DOM based XSS Prevention (opens in a new tab)
Injection Prevention (opens in a new tab)
Abuse Case (opens in a new tab)
Deserialization (opens in a new tab)
OWASP ASVS 4.0.3
V5.3.3 (opens in a new tab)
V1.5.1 (opens in a new tab)
Attack patterns
XSS Using MIME Type Mismatch (opens in a new tab)
DOM-Based XSS (opens in a new tab)
Reflected XSS (opens in a new tab)
Stored XSS (opens in a new tab)
Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) (opens in a new tab)
From MITRE CWE, MITRE CAPEC and OWASP (Top 10, OpenCRE).

References

jetbrains.com/privacy-security/issues-fixed/ (opens in a new tab)

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Exploitation evidence

What to do

Affected software

Description

AI analysisMachine-generated, updated 23 Dec 2025, 15:59 UTC

WeaknessesCWE-79

Technical details

References

Community reviews

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