CVE-2025-68459 is an OS command injection vulnerability identified in Ruijie Networks Co., Ltd.'s AP180-PE V3.xx series wireless access points, specifically those running AP_RGOS firmware version 11.9(4)B1P8 and earlier. The flaw arises from improper neutralization of special elements in user-supplied input within the CLI service, allowing an authenticated attacker to inject and execute arbitrary operating system commands on the device. This vulnerability requires the attacker to have login credentials for the CLI service, implying a prerequisite of privileged access. Once exploited, the attacker can compromise the device's confidentiality, integrity, and availability by executing commands that could extract sensitive data, alter configurations, disrupt network services, or pivot to other network segments. The CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.2 reflects a high severity rating, with attack vector being network-based, low attack complexity, requiring privileges but no user interaction, and impacting all three security properties (C, I, A) at a high level. No public exploits have been reported yet, but the vulnerability's nature makes it a critical concern for network administrators. The affected product is widely used in enterprise and institutional wireless deployments, making the vulnerability relevant for organizations relying on Ruijie Networks AP180-PE devices. The lack of an official patch link suggests that remediation may require vendor coordination or firmware updates. The vulnerability was published on December 18, 2025, by JPCERT, indicating recent discovery and disclosure.

For European organizations, this vulnerability presents a significant risk to wireless network infrastructure security. Exploitation could lead to unauthorized command execution on access points, enabling attackers to disrupt wireless connectivity, intercept or manipulate network traffic, and potentially gain footholds for further internal network compromise. Critical sectors such as finance, healthcare, government, and manufacturing that rely on Ruijie AP180-PE devices for secure wireless access may experience service outages or data breaches. The compromise of access points can undermine network segmentation and security policies, increasing the attack surface. Additionally, the ability to execute OS commands could allow attackers to disable security controls or install persistent backdoors. Given the high availability of these devices in enterprise environments, the threat could affect large-scale deployments, impacting business continuity and regulatory compliance with GDPR and other data protection laws. The requirement for CLI login credentials limits exploitation to insiders or attackers who have already breached initial defenses, but the consequences remain severe.

Organizations should immediately audit their network to identify Ruijie AP180-PE devices running vulnerable firmware versions. Until patches are available, restrict CLI access to trusted administrators only, preferably via secure management networks or VPNs. Implement strong authentication mechanisms, including multi-factor authentication, for CLI access. Monitor device logs and network traffic for unusual command execution or access patterns. Employ network segmentation to isolate wireless infrastructure from critical systems and limit lateral movement. Regularly update firmware from Ruijie Networks once a patch addressing CVE-2025-68459 is released. Consider deploying intrusion detection/prevention systems capable of detecting anomalous CLI commands or OS command injection attempts. Conduct security awareness training for administrators to recognize and report suspicious activities. Finally, maintain an incident response plan tailored to wireless infrastructure compromise scenarios.