CVE-2025-68645 is a Local File Inclusion (LFI) vulnerability identified in the Webmail Classic UI component of Zimbra Collaboration Suite (ZCS) versions 10.0 and 10.1. The root cause is improper handling of user-supplied request parameters within the RestFilter servlet, specifically at the /h/rest endpoint. An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit this flaw by crafting specially designed HTTP requests that manipulate internal request dispatching mechanisms. This manipulation allows the attacker to include arbitrary files from the WebRoot directory of the Zimbra server. LFI vulnerabilities typically enable attackers to read sensitive files such as configuration files, password stores, or other critical data residing on the server, potentially leading to information disclosure or aiding in further exploitation like remote code execution. The vulnerability does not require any authentication or user interaction, increasing the attack surface and ease of exploitation. Although no public exploits or active exploitation campaigns have been reported to date, the vulnerability's presence in widely used collaboration software makes it a significant concern. The lack of a CVSS score indicates that the vulnerability is newly disclosed and pending detailed scoring, but the technical details suggest a high-risk profile. The absence of official patches at the time of disclosure necessitates immediate mitigation efforts by affected organizations. Zimbra Collaboration Suite is commonly deployed in enterprise, government, and educational institutions, making the impact potentially broad. The vulnerability's exploitation could compromise confidentiality and integrity of sensitive communications and data stored on the affected servers.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2025-68645 could be substantial. Zimbra Collaboration Suite is widely used across Europe in sectors requiring secure email and collaboration platforms, including government agencies, universities, and private enterprises. Exploitation of this LFI vulnerability could lead to unauthorized disclosure of sensitive files such as credentials, configuration files, or internal documents, undermining confidentiality. This could facilitate further attacks such as privilege escalation, lateral movement, or remote code execution if attackers leverage disclosed information. The unauthenticated nature of the vulnerability increases the risk of widespread scanning and exploitation attempts. Disruption of email services or compromise of sensitive communications could damage organizational reputation, violate data protection regulations such as GDPR, and lead to financial and operational losses. Additionally, attackers could use the vulnerability as a foothold for persistent access or espionage, particularly targeting organizations involved in critical infrastructure, defense, or research. The impact extends beyond individual organizations to potentially affect national security and economic stability in Europe if exploited at scale.

1. Monitor Zimbra's official channels for patches addressing CVE-2025-68645 and apply them promptly once released. 2. Restrict access to the /h/rest endpoint by implementing network-level controls such as IP whitelisting or VPN-only access to reduce exposure to unauthenticated attackers. 3. Deploy web application firewalls (WAFs) with custom rules to detect and block suspicious requests targeting the RestFilter servlet or attempts to include files via crafted parameters. 4. Conduct thorough input validation and sanitization on all user-supplied parameters within the webmail interface to prevent manipulation of internal request dispatching. 5. Review and harden file permissions on the WebRoot directory to limit file exposure in case of inclusion attempts. 6. Implement comprehensive logging and monitoring to detect anomalous access patterns or repeated attempts to exploit the vulnerability. 7. Educate IT and security teams about the vulnerability to ensure rapid detection and response. 8. Consider isolating or segmenting Zimbra servers from critical network segments to contain potential breaches. 9. Perform regular security assessments and penetration testing focusing on web application vulnerabilities to identify similar issues proactively.