VulnerabilityPublished 9 Mar 2026Updated 11 Mar 2026

CVE-2025-70031: SunbirdEd-portal · Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)

Affects SunbirdEd-portalSource CVE Database V5

Not known to be exploited · CVSS 8.8 High.

Data as of 26 Oct 2026, 14:05 UTC

CVSS 3.1 base score

8.8High

How severe the flaw is on the 0–10 CVSS scale.

EPSS: 0.1% chance of exploitation in 30 days – higher than 5% of CVEsExploit Prediction Scoring System: the likelihood attackers will use this flaw soon.

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Attack Vector: Network
Attack Complexity: Low
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: Required
Scope: Unchanged
Confidentiality: High
Integrity: High
Availability: High

Bold values are the worst case: easiest to exploit or largest impact.

Attack Vector: Network: The vulnerable component is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed 'remotely exploitable' and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers).
Attack Complexity: Low: Specialized access conditions or extenuating circumstances do not exist. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable component.
Privileges Required: None: The attacker is unauthorized prior to attack, and therefore does not require any access to settings or files to carry out an attack.
User Interaction: Required: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability requires a user to take some action before the vulnerability can be exploited.
Scope: Unchanged: An exploited vulnerability can only affect resources managed by the same security authority. In this case, the vulnerable component and the impacted component are either the same, or both are managed by the same security authority.
Confidentiality: High: There is total loss of confidentiality, resulting in all resources within the impacted component being divulged to the attacker. Alternatively, access to only some restricted information is obtained, but the disclosed information presents a direct, serious impact.
Integrity: High: There is a total loss of integrity, or a complete loss of protection. For example, the attacker is able to modify any/all files protected by the impacted component. Alternatively, only some files can be modified, but malicious modification would present a direct, serious consequence to the impacted component.
Availability: High: There is total loss of availability, resulting in the attacker being able to fully deny access to resources in the impacted component; this loss is either sustained (while the attacker continues to deliver the attack) or persistent (the condition persists even after the attack has completed). Alternatively, the attacker has the ability to deny some availability, but the loss of availability presents a direct, serious consequence to the impacted component (e.g., the attacker cannot disrupt existing connections, but can prevent new connections; the attacker can repeatedly exploit a vulnerability that, in each instance of a successful attack, leaks a only small amount of memory, but after repeated exploitation causes a service to become completely unavailable).

Definitions: FIRST CVSS v3.1 specification.

Exploitation evidence

Disclosed: evidence found.
CVE published 9 Mar 2026
Detectable: no evidence on record.
No public nuclei template indexed
Weaponised: no evidence on record.
No public exploit code indexed in Metasploit or Exploit-DB
Exploited in the wildExploited: no evidence on record.
Not in CISA KEV and no source reports exploitation
Observed by OffSeq MirageSeen by Mirage: no evidence on record.
No attack traffic recorded by OffSeq Mirage sensors

A missing step is not evidence of safety. Sources: cve.org (opens in a new tab), the Metasploit, Exploit-DB and nuclei-templates index as of 26 Oct 2026.

Disclosed: The CVE record is public on cve.org. Its publication is t = 0.
Detectable: A public nuclei template can find exposed instances, for defenders and attackers alike.
Weaponised: Public exploit code exists in Metasploit or Exploit-DB, or CISA SSVC or the CVSS exploit maturity reports a public proof of concept.
Exploited in the wild: CISA KEV lists it, CISA SSVC rates exploitation active, or a source reports attacks.
Observed by OffSeq Mirage: OffSeq Mirage honeypot sensors recorded attack traffic for this CVE, or found exposed hosts without attack traffic.

Moments are spaced evenly, not to scale; a dashed line marks a gap of six months or more. Deltas count from t = 0. Sources that give only a date (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, or a time of exactly 00:00Z) read “same day” rather than hours. Metasploit modules carry the flaw’s disclosure date, not their release date, and nuclei templates carry no date, so both appear above but not on the timeline.

What to do

Affected software

Product	Affected	Fixed in
GitHubsunbird-ed/SunbirdEd-portal`pkg:github/sunbird-ed/SunbirdEd-portal`Other threats	Affected =1.13.4	Fixed in–

Check your own hosts for these packages with threat-finder (opens in a new tab), our free open-source scanner.

AI-suggested

To mitigate CVE-2025-70031, organizations should implement robust anti-CSRF protections immediately. This includes integrating CSRF tokens into all state-changing requests and validating these tokens server-side. Additionally, enforcing strict origin and referer header checks can help verify legitimate requests. Organizations should review and update their web application firewalls (WAF) to detect and block suspicious CSRF attempts. User education is critical; training users to recognize phishing attempts and avoid clicking on untrusted links can reduce exploitation risk. Until an official patch is released, consider isolating the Sunbird-Ed portal behind VPNs or access controls to limit exposure. Regularly monitor logs for unusual activity indicative of CSRF exploitation. Finally, maintain up-to-date backups to enable recovery in case of data manipulation or loss.

Description

CVE-2025-70031 is a high-severity Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability affecting Sunbird-Ed portal version 1.13.4. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to trick authenticated users into executing unwanted actions without their consent, potentially leading to full compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the affected system. Exploitation requires user interaction but no privileges or authentication are needed by the attacker. Although no known exploits are currently in the wild and no patches have been published, the vulnerability's CVSS score of 8.8 indicates a critical risk. Organizations using Sunbird-Ed portal should prioritize mitigation to prevent unauthorized state-changing requests. The threat is particularly relevant to countries with significant deployments of Sunbird-Ed, especially in education sectors. Immediate defensive measures include implementing CSRF tokens, validating request origins, and educating users about phishing risks.

Impact

The impact of CVE-2025-70031 is significant for organizations using Sunbird-Ed portal, particularly educational institutions that rely on it for managing student information and learning resources. Successful exploitation can lead to unauthorized actions such as changing user settings, modifying or deleting data, or executing administrative functions, resulting in loss of data confidentiality, integrity, and availability. This could disrupt educational operations, expose sensitive personal data, and damage institutional reputation. Since the vulnerability requires user interaction but no attacker privileges, phishing or social engineering campaigns could be leveraged to exploit it at scale. The broad network attack vector means attackers can target victims remotely, increasing the risk of widespread impact. Organizations without timely mitigation may face regulatory compliance issues related to data protection laws if breaches occur.

Summary

CVE-2025-70031 is a Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability identified in Sunbird-Ed portal version 1.13.4. CSRF vulnerabilities occur when an attacker tricks an authenticated user into submitting a malicious request to a web application without their knowledge, exploiting the user's active session and privileges. This specific vulnerability is categorized under CWE-352, indicating that the application lacks proper anti-CSRF protections such as tokens or origin checks. The CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.8 reflects a high severity, with the vector indicating network attack vector (AV:N), low attack complexity (AC:L), no privileges required (PR:N), user interaction required (UI:R), unchanged scope (S:U), and high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability (C:H/I:H/A:H). This means an attacker can remotely induce an authenticated user to perform unauthorized actions that could lead to data theft, data manipulation, or service disruption. The vulnerability was reserved in January 2026 and published in March 2026, but no patches or known exploits have been reported yet. The lack of patch links suggests that remediation is pending or that users must apply manual mitigations. Given the nature of Sunbird-Ed as an educational platform, exploitation could compromise sensitive student and institutional data or disrupt educational services.

CWE-352Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) (opens in a new tab)
Compound weaknessLikelihood of exploit: MediumCWE Top 25 (2025): #3OWASP Top 10 A01:2025: Broken Access Control (opens in a new tab)
The web application does not, or cannot, sufficiently verify whether a request was intentionally provided by the user who sent the request, which could have originated from an unauthorized actor.
Architecture and Design · Libraries or Frameworks
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
Implementation
Ensure that the application is free of cross-site scripting issues (CWE-79), because most CSRF defenses can be bypassed using attacker-controlled script.
Architecture and Design
Generate a unique nonce for each form, place the nonce into the form, and verify the nonce upon receipt of the form. Be sure that the nonce is not predictable (CWE-330).
OWASP Cheat Sheets
REST Assessment (opens in a new tab)
REST Security (opens in a new tab)
Cross-Site Request Forgery Prevention (opens in a new tab)
Authorization Testing Automation (opens in a new tab)
Insecure Direct Object Reference Prevention (opens in a new tab)
OWASP ASVS 4.0.3
V13.2.3 (opens in a new tab)
V4.2.2 (opens in a new tab)
V13.3.2 (opens in a new tab)
Attack patterns
JSON Hijacking (aka JavaScript Hijacking) (opens in a new tab)
Cross-Domain Search Timing (opens in a new tab)
Cross Site Identification (opens in a new tab)
Cross Site Request Forgery (opens in a new tab)
From MITRE CWE, MITRE CAPEC and OWASP (Top 10, OpenCRE).

References

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Exploitation evidence

What to do

Affected software

Description

AI analysisMachine-generated, updated 17 Mar 2026, 19:06 UTC

WeaknessesCWE-352

Technical details

References

Community reviews

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