CVE-2025-70329 is an OS command injection vulnerability identified in the TOTOLink X5000R router firmware version 9.1.0cu_2415_B20250515. The vulnerability resides in the setIptvCfg handler within the /usr/sbin/lighttpd executable, which processes IPTV configuration parameters. Specifically, the vlanVidLan1 and other vlanVidLanX parameters are retrieved using the Uci_Get_Str function and then passed directly to the CsteSystem function without proper input validation or sanitization. This lack of filtering allows an authenticated attacker to inject shell metacharacters into these parameters, resulting in arbitrary command execution with root privileges on the device. The vulnerability is classified under CWE-78 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command). The CVSS v3.1 base score is 8.0, indicating high severity, with attack vector being adjacent network (AV:A), low attack complexity (AC:L), requiring low privileges (PR:L), no user interaction (UI:N), unchanged scope (S:U), and high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability (C:H/I:H/A:H). Although no public exploits are currently known, the potential for full system compromise is significant. The vulnerability was published on February 23, 2026, and no official patches or mitigations have been released by the vendor at this time.

Exploitation of this vulnerability allows an authenticated attacker to execute arbitrary commands with root privileges on affected TOTOLink X5000R routers. This can lead to complete compromise of the device, including unauthorized access to network traffic, manipulation or disruption of network services, installation of persistent malware, and lateral movement within the network. The impact extends to confidentiality, as sensitive data passing through the router can be intercepted or altered; integrity, as configurations and firmware can be modified maliciously; and availability, as attackers can disrupt or disable network connectivity. Organizations relying on these routers for critical network infrastructure or IPTV services face significant operational and security risks. The requirement for authentication limits exposure but does not eliminate risk, especially in environments where credentials may be weak, reused, or compromised. The absence of patches increases the window of vulnerability, potentially inviting targeted attacks once exploit code becomes available.

1. Immediately restrict access to the router’s management interfaces to trusted and secure networks only, preferably via VPN or isolated management VLANs. 2. Enforce strong, unique passwords for all authenticated access to the device to reduce risk of credential compromise. 3. Monitor router logs and network traffic for unusual commands or behavior indicative of exploitation attempts. 4. Disable or limit IPTV configuration features if not required to reduce the attack surface. 5. Implement network segmentation to isolate vulnerable devices from critical infrastructure. 6. Regularly check for vendor updates or security advisories and apply firmware patches promptly once available. 7. Consider deploying host-based intrusion detection systems (HIDS) or network intrusion detection systems (NIDS) to detect anomalous activity related to command injection. 8. Conduct periodic security audits and penetration testing focusing on router configurations and access controls. 9. If possible, replace affected devices with models not susceptible to this vulnerability or with confirmed patched firmware versions. 10. Educate network administrators about the risks of command injection and the importance of input validation and secure configuration.