CVE-2025-7228 is a high-severity vulnerability classified as CWE-787 (Out-of-bounds Write) affecting INVT VT-Designer version 2.1.13. The vulnerability arises from improper validation during the parsing of PM3 files, which are likely project or configuration files used by the VT-Designer software. Specifically, the flaw allows an attacker to write data beyond the allocated memory buffer, leading to memory corruption. This memory corruption can be exploited to execute arbitrary code remotely within the context of the current user process. Exploitation requires user interaction, such as opening a maliciously crafted PM3 file or visiting a malicious webpage that triggers the file parsing. The vulnerability does not require prior authentication but does require low attack complexity and user interaction. The CVSS 3.0 base score is 7.8, reflecting high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Although no known exploits are currently reported in the wild, the vulnerability poses a significant risk due to the potential for remote code execution. The vulnerability was assigned and published by the Zero Day Initiative (ZDI) under the identifier ZDI-CAN-25571. No patches or fixes have been linked yet, indicating that affected organizations must be vigilant and consider mitigation strategies until an official patch is released.

For European organizations using INVT VT-Designer 2.1.13, this vulnerability presents a critical risk. Successful exploitation could allow attackers to execute arbitrary code, potentially leading to full system compromise, data theft, or disruption of industrial design and automation workflows. Given that VT-Designer is used in industrial automation and control system environments, exploitation could impact operational technology (OT) environments, leading to production downtime or safety risks. Confidentiality of sensitive design data and intellectual property could be compromised. The requirement for user interaction means phishing or social engineering attacks could be vectors, increasing risk in environments where users handle external files or links. The high impact on availability and integrity could disrupt critical infrastructure sectors in Europe, including manufacturing, energy, and utilities, where INVT products may be deployed. The absence of known exploits currently provides a window for proactive defense, but the potential for rapid weaponization exists once exploit code becomes public.

1. Immediately audit and inventory all instances of INVT VT-Designer 2.1.13 within the organization to identify exposure. 2. Restrict or disable the opening of PM3 files from untrusted or external sources, including email attachments and web downloads. 3. Implement strict user training and awareness programs to reduce the risk of social engineering attacks that could trigger user interaction. 4. Employ application whitelisting and sandboxing techniques to limit the execution context of VT-Designer and isolate it from sensitive systems. 5. Monitor network and endpoint logs for unusual activity related to VT-Designer processes, especially unexpected memory or process behavior. 6. Coordinate with INVT for timely patch releases and apply updates as soon as they become available. 7. Use endpoint detection and response (EDR) solutions to detect exploitation attempts based on anomalous memory writes or code execution patterns. 8. Consider network segmentation to isolate systems running VT-Designer from critical infrastructure components to limit lateral movement in case of compromise.