CVE-2025-7430 is a stored Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability classified under CWE-79, found in Zohocorp's ManageEngine Exchange Reporter Plus product, specifically affecting versions 5723 and earlier. The vulnerability resides in the Folder Message Count and Size report feature, where user-supplied input is not properly sanitized or neutralized before being embedded into web pages generated by the application. This improper input handling allows an attacker with at least low-level privileges (PR:L) to inject malicious JavaScript code that is stored on the server and subsequently executed in the browsers of users who view the affected report. The CVSS 3.1 base score of 7.3 reflects a high severity, with an attack vector of network (AV:N), low attack complexity (AC:L), requiring privileges (PR:L), and user interaction (UI:R). The impact on confidentiality and integrity is high (C:H/I:H), while availability is not affected (A:N). Exploitation could lead to session hijacking, credential theft, unauthorized actions on behalf of users, and potential lateral movement within the victim's network. Although no known exploits are currently reported in the wild, the vulnerability's characteristics make it a significant risk once weaponized. The vulnerability was reserved in July 2025 and published in November 2025, with no patches currently linked, indicating that organizations must be vigilant and prepare mitigation strategies proactively.

For European organizations, this vulnerability poses a substantial risk to the confidentiality and integrity of sensitive information managed through Exchange Reporter Plus. Since the product is used to monitor and report on Microsoft Exchange environments, attackers exploiting this XSS flaw could gain access to sensitive email metadata, user sessions, and potentially escalate privileges within the network. This can lead to data breaches, unauthorized disclosure of internal communications, and disruption of trust in IT monitoring systems. The requirement for low privileges and user interaction means that insider threats or compromised user accounts could be leveraged to exploit this vulnerability. Given the widespread use of Microsoft Exchange in Europe, organizations in sectors such as finance, government, healthcare, and critical infrastructure are particularly vulnerable. The lack of availability impact reduces the likelihood of service disruption but does not diminish the risk of stealthy data exfiltration and persistent compromise.

Immediate mitigation steps include restricting access to the Folder Message Count and Size report to only trusted administrators and users, minimizing the attack surface. Organizations should implement strict input validation and output encoding on all user-supplied data within the application, even before vendor patches are available. Deploying Content Security Policy (CSP) headers can help mitigate the impact of XSS by restricting the execution of unauthorized scripts. Monitoring web server and application logs for unusual input patterns or script injections is critical for early detection. Network segmentation and the principle of least privilege should be enforced to limit the potential for privilege escalation. Once available, organizations must promptly apply vendor patches or updates addressing this vulnerability. Additionally, educating users about the risks of interacting with untrusted content within internal applications can reduce the likelihood of successful exploitation.