CVE-2025-8060 is a critical stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability identified in the Tenda AC23 router, specifically in firmware version 16.03.07.52. The flaw resides in the HTTP daemon component (httpd), within the function sub_46C940 that processes requests to the /goform/setMacFilterCfg endpoint. The vulnerability is triggered by manipulating the 'deviceList' argument, which leads to a stack-based buffer overflow condition. This type of overflow occurs when more data is written to a buffer located on the stack than it can hold, potentially overwriting adjacent memory and enabling arbitrary code execution or denial of service. The vulnerability is remotely exploitable without user interaction or authentication, as indicated by the CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/UI:N/PR:L), meaning an attacker with low privileges or access to the device's management interface could launch the attack over the network. The CVSS 4.0 base score of 8.7 classifies this as a high-severity issue, reflecting the significant impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability (all rated high). Although no known exploits are currently observed in the wild, the public disclosure of the exploit code increases the risk of active exploitation. The lack of an official patch or mitigation from the vendor at the time of publication further exacerbates the threat. Given the critical nature of the vulnerability and the widespread deployment of Tenda AC23 routers in consumer and small business environments, this vulnerability represents a serious security risk that could be leveraged for remote code execution, network compromise, or disruption of network services.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2025-8060 can be substantial, particularly for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and home office setups relying on Tenda AC23 routers for network connectivity. Successful exploitation could allow attackers to execute arbitrary code remotely, leading to full compromise of the router. This can result in interception or manipulation of network traffic, unauthorized access to internal networks, disruption of internet connectivity, and potential pivoting to other critical systems. Confidentiality breaches could expose sensitive corporate data, while integrity violations might allow attackers to alter network configurations or inject malicious payloads. Availability could be impacted by denial-of-service conditions caused by the overflow or subsequent exploitation. Given the router’s role as a network gateway, exploitation could undermine perimeter defenses and facilitate broader cyberattacks. Additionally, the lack of authentication requirement lowers the barrier for attackers, increasing the likelihood of exploitation. European organizations with limited IT security resources may be particularly vulnerable, emphasizing the need for prompt mitigation.

To mitigate CVE-2025-8060 effectively, European organizations should take several specific steps beyond generic advice: 1) Immediately identify and inventory all Tenda AC23 devices running firmware version 16.03.07.52 within their networks. 2) Isolate affected devices from critical network segments and restrict management interface access to trusted IP addresses via firewall rules or VLAN segmentation. 3) Disable remote management features on the router if not strictly necessary, especially access to the /goform/setMacFilterCfg endpoint. 4) Monitor network traffic for unusual or malformed HTTP requests targeting the vulnerable endpoint, employing intrusion detection systems (IDS) or web application firewalls (WAF) with custom signatures. 5) Engage with Tenda support channels to obtain firmware updates or patches as soon as they become available; if no official patch exists, consider replacing vulnerable devices with more secure alternatives. 6) Implement network-level protections such as VPNs or zero-trust access models to reduce exposure of management interfaces. 7) Educate IT staff about this vulnerability and ensure incident response plans include steps for detecting and responding to exploitation attempts. 8) Regularly review and update router firmware and configurations as part of a comprehensive vulnerability management program.