CVE-2025-9313 is an authentication bypass vulnerability categorized under CWE-288, affecting Asseco Poland S.A.'s mMedica healthcare software versions before 11.9.5. The flaw arises because the system allows unauthenticated users to connect to a publicly accessible database by exploiting an alternate path through the 'mmBackup' application, which maintains a previously authenticated session. This alternate channel bypasses normal authentication controls, granting attackers full access to the database containing sensitive patient and healthcare data. The vulnerability is remotely exploitable without any authentication or user interaction, making it highly accessible to attackers. The CVSS 4.0 vector (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N) indicates network attack vector, low complexity, no privileges or user interaction required, and high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The lack of segmentation or proper access controls between backup processes and live database connections is a key technical root cause. Although no public exploits are reported yet, the critical nature of this flaw and the sensitivity of healthcare data make it a significant threat. The vulnerability was reserved in August 2025 and published in October 2025, with no official patches linked yet, emphasizing the need for immediate mitigation steps.

For European organizations, particularly healthcare providers using mMedica, this vulnerability poses a severe risk of unauthorized data access, potentially exposing sensitive patient records and violating data protection regulations such as GDPR. The full database access could lead to data theft, manipulation, or deletion, disrupting healthcare services and undermining patient trust. The critical impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability could result in operational downtime, regulatory penalties, and reputational damage. Given the healthcare sector's strategic importance and the sensitivity of medical data, exploitation could also have broader societal implications. The vulnerability's ease of exploitation and lack of required authentication increase the likelihood of attacks, especially in countries with significant deployments of Asseco mMedica. Additionally, attackers could leverage this access to pivot within networks, escalating the threat beyond the initial compromise.

Organizations should immediately verify if they are running affected versions of mMedica (prior to 11.9.5) and prioritize upgrading to the latest secure version once available. Until patches are released, restrict network access to the database and the 'mmBackup' application by implementing strict firewall rules and network segmentation to isolate backup services from public networks. Employ intrusion detection and prevention systems to monitor unusual database connection attempts, especially those originating externally. Review and harden authentication mechanisms around backup processes to prevent unauthorized reuse of authenticated sessions. Conduct thorough audits of backup and database access logs to detect potential exploitation attempts. Engage with Asseco Poland S.A. for any available interim fixes or workarounds. Additionally, ensure that sensitive data is encrypted at rest and in transit to mitigate data exposure risks in case of unauthorized access. Regularly train IT and security staff on this vulnerability and response procedures.